CN2224280 Long-distance centralized monitoring device for rock breaking.

Electrical soil resistivity may be measured by injecting a measured (16) current into electrodes (14A) and measuring the voltage (18) between two further electrodes (14B). These measurements are made at the immediate cutting face of the tunnelling machine and at distances in front of it's path. Measurements are also made of cutting tool pressures and these may then be forecast using the comparison of the near and far electrical soil resistivities. A data processing equipment is used to provide iso-resistivity maps for horizontal and vertical planes and continuous forecasts of tool pressure.

DE4132749 Measuring appts. of sudden changes in vertical strain in pillars, esp. for monitoring tectonic weak zones in ground over hollow underground chambers - contains conventional inclination meters and vertical strain sensors used in conjunction with horizontal calibration bolts.

The measuring appts. contains conventional inclination meters (1, 2) and vertical strain sensors (3). Two liquid inclination meters and a vertical strain meter are installed on a pillar. The inclination meters are mounted on opposite sides of the pillar at the same azimuth and as nearly perpendicular to pillar shocks as possible. The strain meter measures the relative motion between two horizontal end bolts (7, 8) installed for calibration of the covering ground load. USE/ADVANTAGE - For monitoring mine works and underground deposits of radioactive and chemical deposits. Measurement is substantially free from instrumental errors and with good calibration accuracy.

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