Methodological issues of risk estimation, caused by influence of environmental factors on the population health

Risk - event (result) which meets at contact of the person to the environment containing polluting substances in certain concentration throughout certain time.

Conditions of occurrence risk for individual health:

ü risk source in an environment (ecological risk);

ü excess of MAC, MSL ecological risk factor;

ü susceptible organism of a human body;

ü ways of receipt risk factors to the human body.

Environmental /ecological risk the potential for adverse effects on living organisms associated with pollution of the environment by effluents, emissions, wastes, or accidental chemical releases; energy useage; or the depletion of natural resources.

Health Risk Assessment (HRA) – a document that identifies risks and quantities of possible adverse health effects that chould be result from exposure emissions of toxic air contaminants. Health Risk Assessment cannot predict specific health effects; it only describes the increased possibility of adverse health effects, based on the best scientific information available.

Health groups criteria should be the following:
1. Presence or absence of chronic diseases;
2. Resistance of the body;
3. Level of physical development;
4. Morpho-functional parameters.

First group – healthy people.
Second group – healthy people with functional and some morphological deviations.
Third group – patients with long-term chronic diseases while maintaining functionality of the body (compensated stage).
Fourth group – patients with long-term chronic illness or persons with physical disabilities, developmental disabilities, resulting of injuries, with reduced functional abilities of an organism (subcompensated stage).
Fifth group – seriously sick patients (asthma, etc.).

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