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Modal auxiliary verbs




 

The main modal verbs are must, can, could, may, might, should, ought to, will and would. All of these can be used to express degrees of certainty or probability. They also have other uses.  
Degrees of certainty about the present
Certainty She will She must    
Possibility She could She may   She might be at home have a high salary in that job. be earning a lot of money (continuous infinitive).
Certainty She should She can’t he won’t  

 

 
Degrees of certainty about the past
Certainty She will She must  
Possibility She could She may   He might (   (perfect infinitive) have had a high salary in that job. have been earning a lot of money continuous infinitive)
Certainty She should he can’t he won’t  

 

 

Choose the right modal verb.

1 It's a hospital. You __________ smoke.

2 He had been working for more than 11 hours. He _______be tired after such hard work. He _____prefer to get some rest.

3 I ______ speak Arabic fluently when I was a child and we lived in Morocco. But after we moved back to Canada, I had very little exposure to the language and forgot______ almost everything I knew as a child. Now, I________ just say a few things in the language.

4 If you want to learn to speak English fluently, you________ to work hard.

5 You________ leave small objects lying around. Such objects_______ be swallowed by children.

 

Fill in the blanks with appropriate auxiliary verbs. Choose answers from the options given in the brackets.

1 Behave towards others as you …………………… like them to behave towards you. (would / will / could).

2 You ………………….. take one of those books if you like. (can / must / should).

3 I …………………… rather read a book than watch that ridiculous movie. (would / should / must).

4 If I ………………….. interrupt you for a moment, Sir, how is this new scheme going to improve the situation? (would / should / might).

5 Farmers use fertilizers so that they ……………….. have a rich harvest. (may / should / would).

 

Exercise 5. [ T.22] Listening gap fill.

Angelina was born in LA in 1976. She loved movies and started acting classes _____________ movie stardom. She was rebellious and became a punk with ______________. Her movie career took off in 1997 and within a few years she had won an Oscar. Her 2001 role as Lara Croft in the blockbuster “Tomb Raider” ____________ fame.

Angelina ___________ to acting. She became involved in humanitarian work while filming in Cambodia. She is now a UN Goodwill Ambassador, visiting refugee _____________. She donates large sums of money to help the plight of underprivileged people. She has ______________ to highlight world problems.

Unfortunately, Jolie’s personal life ______________________ her other pursuits. The tabloids _____________ relationships, especially the current one with Brad Pitt. The couple ______________Brad and Angelina but as “Brangelina”. The _____________ with what they eat and drink than the important humanitarian work Angelina continues to do.

Helping other people ______________ Angelina. In 2001, she said: “We cannot close ourselves off…and ignore the fact that millions of people ________________.” In addition to acting awards, she has __________________her humanitarian work. She became the first winner of the UN’s Citizen of the World Award. It ________________ accolades will follow.

 

Exercise 6. Answer the questions according to the text.

1 When was Angelina born?

2 What do you know about Angelina Jolie?

3 When did her movie career take off?

4 Who id Brad Pitt?

5 What did you learn from this text about Angelina Jolie?

Exercise 7. Write a magazine article about Angelina Jolie. Include an imaginary interview with her. Write about what she does every day and what she thinks about.

Exercise 8. Put the words back into the correct order.

E.g to her of stardom follow dream movie. To follow her dream of movie stardom

  Angelina limited career acting hasn’t her to
  to world used stardom highlight problems her
  with eat seem up they media caught what The more
  Angelina motivates truly what is people other Helping
  of people are out there suffering ignore the fact that millions

Check yourself

1. Choose the right variant: They _________ already. It’s only 10.30. a) should have left b) can’t has left c) must have left d) can’t have left   2. Choose the right variant: They ________ freezing. It was a really cold night. a) could have been b) can’t have been c) must’t have been d) must have been 3. Choose the right variant: Who was John Christopher "Johnny" Depp II? a) an American actor, producer and musician b) an American music star, band singer c) an American actor, artist and musician d) film director, dancer   4. Choose the right variant: What is the definition of the word “celebrity”. a) without a name; anonymous b) one who is widely known and of great popular interest. c) not identified, ascertained, or established d) direct observation of or participation in events as a basis of knowledge  

GLOSSARY

English Russian Kazakh
performance [pəˈfɔːməns] исполнение орындау
suave [swɑːv] обходительный, вежливый әдепті, сыпайы
weekend tally [ˈwiːkˈend ˈtælɪ] выходной подсчет демалыс күндік есеп
movie stardom [ˈmuːvɪ ˈstɑːdəm] звезда экрана кино өнер жұлдызы
refugee camp [ˌrefjʊˈdʒiː kæmp] лагерь беженцев қоныс аударушы босқындар лагері
accolade [ækəˈleɪd] наградa марапат
plight of underprivileged people [plaɪt ɒv ˈʌndəˈprɪvɪlɪdʒd ˈpiːpl] бедственное положение обездоленных людей мүшкіл жағдайдағы енжар халық
LIW №32

Make a presentation “ Your favorite celebrity ”.

 

LIW №33

Read and translate the text №11 “ Sightseeing Tours ”, p. 171

   

References

Main:

1. Clive Oxenden and Christina Latham-Koenig. New English File. Upper-intermediate. Students Book. Oxford, 2012.

2. Clive Oxenden and Christina Latham-Koenig. New English File. Upper-intermediate. Workbook. Oxford, 2012.

Additional:

3. Brian Abbs and Ingrid Freebairn. Blueprint. Upper-intermediate, Longman, 2012

4. www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Depp

5. www.breakingnews.com


 

 

HAND OUT №23 (113) Discipline: English as a foreign languageCredits -2 Upper-intermediatelevel Practical lesson Lexical theme: Books and literature Grammar: Narrative tenses   Teacher: assistant professor Tolynbekova Galima Amangeldievna

GRAMMAR COMMENT

NARRATIVE TENSES

Narrative tenses Use the past simple to talk about consecutive actions in the past. We use the past simple for the main events in a story. Use the past continuous to describe a longer, continuous past action. This is often an action which was in progress when another action happened. Use the past perfect to talk about an action which happened before the specific time in the past when the main events of the story happened. Use the past perfect continuous to talk about a longer continuous action that was going on before the specific time in the past when the main events of the story happened.

v Underline the correct verb form.

Meg and Liam McGowan got/ were getting a nasty surprise when they had checked in/were checking in at Heathrow airport yesterday with their baby Shaun. They had won/won three free plane tickets to Rome in a competition and they were looking forward to their trip for months. But, unfortunately, they had been forgetting/ had forgotten to get a passport for their son and so Shaun couldn’t fly. Luckily they had arrived/were arriving very early for their flight so they still had time to do something about it. They had run/ run to the police station in the airport to apply for an emergency passport. Meg was going/went with Shaun to the photo machine while Liam had filled in/was filling in the forms. The passport was ready in an hour, so they hurried/were hurrying back to check-in and finally caught/had caught their flight.

Exercise 1. Work in pairs, make a dialogue about the book which you have recently read. Use the following tips:

Ø Focus on how the different tenses are used in the story.

Ø Focus on the regular and irregular verbs. Check you know how to pronounce them. Try to say them correctly when you retell the story.

Ø Remember to contract had to ‘d when you use the past perfect (simple or continuous).

 

Exercise 2. From the list below, choose two true stories you could tell about yourself or someone else. Think about details.

a disastrous experience at a party a funny experience involving a pet/animal   missing an important occasion because seeing/taking part in a memorable sporting occasion of oversleeping/traffic problems   meeting a partner/ a friend in unusual being particularly lucky/unlucky recently circumstances

Exercise 3. Read an extract from the novel of M. Auezov Abai and translate the 1st paragraph.

Abai Kunanbaev was the great poet and thinker of the Kazakh nation, the founder of the Kazakh literary language. His poetry, translations of works of Russian and West European authors, and philosophical reflections (words of edification) in their spirit, form and content marked a new stage in the history of Kazakh literature. Abai's name was included by the UNESCO Council in the list of outstanding people whose anniversary was celebrated by the world community in 1995.

 

 

Before crossing

He passed a sleepless night. It was only at dawn that Abai lay down, but feel­ing wide awake he soon returned to his desk, which was heaped with open books. Volumes in old Uzbek, a language he could freely read, jostled with others in Persian and Arabic, more difficult, and still others in Russian—even harder.

These polyglot friends had not got together on his table fortuitously. Life itself demanded of him the knowl­edge secreted in these folios. For several days Abai had been poring over them by day and night like an obsessed scholar or a devout recluse. Glancing up from the pages from time to time, he would look about, momentarily awaking to reality.

 

Exercise 4. Write a suitable heading to each paragraph.

Exercise 5. [ T.23] Listen to the dialogue, complete the table below. Write no more than three words or a number for each answer.

Author Title Publisher Year of Publication
1_____________ ______________   “Sample Surveys in Social Science Research”    
Bell 2________________ _________________   3_________________ __________________  
Wilson “Interviews that work”   Oxford University Press _____________________  

Exercise 6. Answer the questions:

1. What is the name of the article?

2. Who is the author of the mentioned article?

3. Which book of Bell was recommended to students?

4. Where was published the book “Survey Research”?

5. Which book is very helpful for the interviews?

Exercise 7. Write a story which begins “When Chris saw the letter he knew immediately what was in it…”. Plan your story, list the main events, and decide how many paragraphs to use. Decide on an ending. Remember to use phrases to make the story more vivid.

Useful phrases at that moment desperately especially fortunately in a panic quickly straight suddenly

Exercise 8. Put the verb in brackets in the past perfect simple (had done) or continuous (had been doing). If you think both are possible, use the past perfect continuous form.

His English was very good. He’ d been learning it for five years. (learn)

1. My feet were aching. We ______for hours. (queue)

2. She went to the police, because someone _____her bag. (steal)

3. She got to work late because she ______an accident on the way. (have)

4. I almost didn’t recognize him. He _____a lot since I last saw him. (change)

5. The streets were wet. It_____all morning. (rain)

Check yourself

1. Choose the right variant: While I_______football I ________my leg.

a) play/hurt

b) played/ hurted

c) played/ was hurting

d) was playing/hurt

2. Choose the right variant: Until I ­­______ a doctor I ________ that I _______ my leg.

a) saw/ doesn't realize/ had broken

b) had seen/ didn't realize/ broke

c) saw/ didn't realize/ had broken

d) seen/ didn't realize/ had broken

3. Choose the right variant: Abai Kunanbaev was the great ____ and ______of the Kazakh nation.

a) publisher\journalist

b) teacher\artist

c) poet\ thinker

d) actor\politician

4. Choose the right variant: Which word goes with the word “book”?

a) title

b) nick name

c) theme

d) pseudonim

GLOSSARY

ENGLISH RUSSIAN KAZAKH
glance up [gla:nsʌp] глянуть қарай қою, қарап қалу
mischie­vous ['mistʃivəs] озорной содырлы, сотқар, тентек
jostle['dʒɔsl] теснить(ся), толкать(ся) сығу; сығыстыру
unfold[ʌn ' fəuld] раскрывать(ся) ашу, ашып жіберу
addled ['ædld] запутанный шиеленісіп кеткен, шатысып қалған
conjure up [' kʌndʒəʌp] вызывать в воображении оймен көз алдына елестету
eloquence ['eləkwəns] красноречие ділмарлық, жорғалық, сөзшеңдік
Office hours №12

Make up a topic “ The role of the books among the youth”.

 

LIW №34

Write a congratulation on Christmas using a model, p.180

 

References

Main:

1. Clive Oxenden, Christina Latham-Koenig. New English File Upper-Intermediate Student’s book. Oxford University Press, 2012.

2. Clive Oxenden, Christina Latham-Koenig. New English File Upper-Intermediate Workbook. Oxford University Press, 2012.

Additional:

3. M. Auezov Abai, Book 2, p. 9-11, Foreign languages publishing house, Moscow.

4. Cambridge ESOL, IELTS4 Cambridge University Press, 2005.

HAND OUT № 24 (114) Discipline: English as a foreign languageCredits - 2 Upper-intermediatelevel Practical lesson Lexical theme: Art and artist Grammar: Future forms Teacher: assistant professor Tolynbekova Galima Amangeldievna

Exercise 1. Read the article about Abylkhan Kasteev and the State Art Museum and translate the 3rd paragraph of the text.

Abylkhan Kasteev (1904-1973), National Artist of Kazakh SSR was born in Taldy-Kurgan region in a family of poor nomad. He studied in the art studio named after N.G.Khludova in Almaty, in the art studio in the House of National Work named by N.K.Krupskaya in Moscow.

Abylkhan Kasteev was the first honored the title of National Artist of Kazakhstan. Kasteev’s art work embodies transfer from the element of a national applied art of the early 20th century to the new. His works are stored in the State Tretyakov Gallery, in the State Museum of East Nations Art and in the museums of our country.

The history of the State Art Museum begins since 1935 when Kazakh National art gallery was founded. In 1976 was opened the museum of arts on the basis of gallery and National Republican museum of applied art, which existed from 1970. In 1984 the museum was renamed in honor of Abylkhan Kasteev. Nowadays the State Art Museum named after Kasteev is the largest art museum in Kazakhstan and a well known regional center for research and education in the field of art history. Its collection has more than 22 000 first-class exhibits that make up the country's national heritage.In the museum we can see works of ancient and contemporary Kazakhstan art, works of the Soviet period (1920s-1990s).

 

Exercise 2. Write a suitable heading to each paragraph.

Exercise 3. Look at the pictures. Describe one of them to a partner using the words and phrases from the box below.

Useful phrases The picture shows … In the foreground/background you can see... It seems as if... The atmosphere is … I like the picture because... It makes me think of...
A.Kasteev The Medeo Mountain Skating Ring - 1955 G. Ismailova Portrait of Kulyash Baiseitova in the Role of Kyz-Zhibek - 1962 A. Cherkassky “Dina Nurpeisova and Zhambyl Zhabaev” - 1946

Exercise 4. Work in pairs. Make a small dialogue and use these questions:

a. Who is your favorite painter?

b. Can you describe one of his/her paintings?

c. Why do you like it?

d. Do you have some paintings at your home? If so, what are their names and who are the authors?

 

GRAMMAR COMMENT






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