Present Perfect Continious

Мы используем Present Perfect Continuous, чтобы спросить или сообщить о том, как долго что-то длилось. К настоящему моменту действие (ситуация), возникшая в прошлом, только что закончилась (или еще продолжается).

I have been writing for more than an hour.

We’ve been staying here nearly a week.

You have been making excuses for him all your life.

How long, for, since

She has been having English lessons since she was five.

How long have you been playing tennis?

Ex. 5. Change Present Continuous to Present Perfect

1. I am eating my breakfast. 2. We are drinking water. 3. He is bringing them some meat and vegetables. 4. They are having tea. 5. The children are putting on their coats. 6. The pupils are writing a dictation. 7. My friend is helping me to solve a difficult problem. 8. I am learning a poem. 9. She is telling them an interesting story. 10. She is opening a box of chocolates.

Ex. 6. Present Continuous or Present Perfect

1.What you (to talk) about now? 2. We just (to talk) about it. 3. He just (to say) something about it. 4. She (to tell) them some interesting story now. 5. We (to have) two lessons today. 6. They (to have) a meeting now. 7. They just (to ask) me several questions. 8. He already (to learn) the rule. 9. I (to write) an exercise now. 10. You already (to read) any stories by Jack London? 11. Who (to write) already the article? 12. What languages you (to study) now? 13. You (to find) the book? 14. What you (to look) for?

Ex. 7. Present Perfect or Past Simple

1. We (to travel) around Europe last year. 2. My father (to know) much because he (to travel) a lot. 3. I (to see) Peter today. 4. She (to see) this film last Sunday. 5. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours ago. 6. I just (to meet) our teacher. 7. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother. 8. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 9. She (to live) there last year. 10. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 11. The rain (to stop) half an hour ago. 12. Mary (to buy) a new hat. 13. I (to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday. 14. The weather (to change), and we can go or a walk. 15. The wind (to change) in the morning.

16. I already (to do) my hometask. Now I can go for a walk. 17. I (to do) my hometask yesterday. 18. He just (to come) home. 19. He (to come) home a minute ago. 20. Nick (to play) footbal yesterday. 21. I (to read) this book last year. 22. I (to read) this book this year. 23. I never (to be) in Washington. 24. You ever (to be) to New York? 25. I (not to eat) today. 26. He (not to eat) yeaterday. 27. You (to play) the piano yesterday? 28. You (to play) the piano today? 29. What you (to prepare) for today? 30. Where you (to put) my pen? I cannot find it. 31. You (to see) Ann today? 32. When you (to see) Ann? – I (to see) her last week. 33. He is not at school today, he (to fall) ill. – When he (to fall) ill? – He (to fall) ill yesterday.

Ex.8. Present Perfect, Present Continuous, Present Simple or Past Simple

1. Please, give me a pencil, I (to lose) mine. 2. I (not to meet) Peter since Monday. 3. Nina just (to finish) work. 4. Where Sergey (to be)? – He (to go) home. He (to leave) the room a minute ago. 5. My watch (to stop). There (to be) something wrong with it. 6. You (to see) Jack today? – Yes, I (to see) him at the institute. 7. You (to change) so much. Anything (to happen)? 8. What you (to do) here at such a late hour? You (to write) your composition? – No, I (to write) it already. I (to work) at my report. – And when you (to write) your composition? – I (to finish) it two days ago. 9. I say, Tom, let’s have dinner. – No, thank you, I already (to have) dinner. 10. What the weather (to be) like? It still (to rain)? – No, it (to stop) raining.

Past Simple

Past Simple употребляется для выражения действия, которое происходило в прошлом в неопределенное время. Время совершения действия ясно из контекста или ситуации или указывается соответствующими обстоятельственными словами и выражениями, обозначающими прошедшее время, такими, как:

Yesterday вчера

The day before yesterday позавчера

Last year в прошлом году

Ago к акое-то время тому назад

The other day на днях

Форма прошедшего времени зачастую используется, не выражая значения прошедшего времени:

после if в условных придаточных:

If only I had more time. - Если бы только у меня было больше времени.

после It's time, would rather, wish:

Ten o'clock - it's time you went home. - 10 часов, тебе пора домой.

I wish I had a better memory. - Я бы хотел, чтобы моя память была лучше.

Для обозначения действий, регулярно повторявшихся или постоянно происходивших в прошлом, употребляются used to + инфинитив.

При этом подразумевается, что действие происходило в прошлом.

I used to swim a lot in summer but I don't go swimming any more.

Ann used to have headaches, now she feels quite well.

We used to live in Spain but now we live in France.

There used to be a garden in front of the house, now you can see a restaurant in its place.

Did you use to go out with him?

Used to часто путают c be/get used to (+ -ing)

Be used to (an adjective) – accustomed (привыкший, приученный). It implies that something is a habitual state.

She is used to his strange ways.

I am used to getting up early.

I'm used to working hard.

He was used to driving on the right.

Get used to suggests a change in state, when you become used to something.

I have got used to driving on the left (But I wasn’t used to it before).

Ex. 1. Write a sentence using Past Simple

1. Yesterday he (go) to work by car.

2. I (watch) television yesterday evening.

3. He (write) a letter to Jane last week.

4. The accident (happen) last Sunday afternoon.

5. When I was a child, I (want) to be a judge.

6. We (leave) home at 8.30 this morning.

7. They (do) their shopping last Monday.

8. Ann (take) photographs last Sunday.

Ex. 2. Complete a sentence using negative form

For example: I saw John but I didn’t see Mary.

1. They worked on Monday but they … on Tuesday.

2. We went to the shop but we … to the bank.

3. She had a pen but she … a paper.

4. Jack did Spanish at University but he … English.

5. I sent a letter to Tom but I … to Mike.

6. She went to the post office but she … to the hospital.

7. I spoke English when I was a child but I … French.

8. I ate meat yesterday but I … fish.

9. He read a newspaper yesterday evening but he … a magazine.

Ex. 3. Make up general questions

For example:. I watched TV last night. And you? Did you watch TV last night?

1. I enjoyed the party. And you? ….

2. I had a good holiday. And you? ….

3. I got up early this morning. And you? ….

4. I slept well last night. And you? ….

5. I worked hard yesterday. And you? ….

6. I went to bed at eleven o’clock yesterday. And you? ….

7. I saw Tom at the party. And you? ….

8. I sent three telegrams yesterday. And you? ….

9. I passed the exam yesterday. And you? ….

Ex. 4. Make up special questions

For example: He went abroad. Where did he go?

1. I met somebody. Who …?

2. Henry arrived. What time …?

3. She saw somebody. Who …?

4. They wanted something. What …?

5. The party finished. What time …?

6. He went home early. Why …?

7. We had dinner. What …?

8. It cost a lot of money. How much …?

Ex. 5. Make a question and give an answer.

For example: When did you last have a holiday? - Last July.

a. see a video

b. go shopping

c. give someone a present

d. take a photograph

e. send a letter

f. see a friend

g. have a dinner at a restaurant

h. lose something

i. go abroad

j. stay away from classes

k. tell a lie

l. be late to study

m. make a phone call

Ex. 6. Past Simple or used to? Which of the following sentences are not correct?

1.I used to get up very late yesterday.

2. When I was a child I used to live in Spain.

3.I used to speak Spanish.

4.She used to work here.

5.Did he use to play tennis?

6.He did not use to like what I said to him that day.

Ex. 7. Complete the sentences below appropriately using used to

1.Nowadays this town is very busy but it (to be) very quit.

2.You (to have) a computer when you were a child?

3.Petrol (to be) very cheap but now it costs a fortune.

4. Dennis gave up smoking two years ago. He (to smoke) 40 cigarettes a day.

5. Liz (to drive) a motobike, but last year she sold it and bought a car.

6. We came to live in Manchester a few years ago. We (to live) n Nottingham.

7. I rarely eat ice-cream now but I (to eat) when I was a child.

8. Jim (to be) my best friend but we aren’t friends any longer.

9. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work since the new road was opened. It (to take) more than an hour.

10. There (to be) a hotel opposite the station but it closed a long time ago.

Ex. 8. Be / get used to (doing). Read the following extract.

I got used to the climate very quickly, although Jill found it difficult to cope with the humidity at first. We are still not used to starting work at seven in the morning but I am sure we will adjust. I am sure I will never get used to driving on the right. Jill has to keep reminding me…

Talk about all the things you have to get used to in your life, for example, when you get your first job after leaving university, etc.

Ex. 9. Write down the text using Past Simple

On Tuesday I get up at half past six. I go to the bathroom and wash my hands and face and clean my teeth. Then I dress, go to the kitchen and cook breakfast for my family. At half past seven my son gets up and has breakfast. I have breakfast with my son. My son eats a sandwich and drinks a cup of tea. I don’t drink tea. I drink coffee. After breakfast my son leaves home for school. I don’t leave home with my son. On Tuesday I don’t work in the morning. I work in the afternoon. In the evening I am at home. My husband and my son are at home, too. We rest in the evening. My son watches TV, my husband reads newspapers and I do some work about the house. At about eleven o’clock we go to bed.

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