Оборот употребляется со сказуемыми 3-х групп

I. в СТРАДАТЕЛЬНОМ залоге:

is said to

is seen to

is known to

is found to

is thought to

is believed to

is considered to

is supposed to

is expected to

is reported to

is announced to

II. в ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОМ залоге:

seem to

appear to казаться

turn out to оказываться (как правило, неожиданно)

prove to оказываться (в положительном смысле, т. е. оправдать ожидания)

happen to – (случайно!) оказываться

III. с именным сказуемым, включающим ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ:

is sure to – обязательно, конечно, наверняка

is (un)likely to – (мало)вероятно, скорее всего, наверно (вряд ли)

is certain to – вероятно, обязательно

Complex Object

TASK 19. Translate the sentences, identifying Complex Object:

1. Bernard Shaw wanted marriages to be based upon common sense and eugenics. 2. John Ball wanted all things to be used in common. 3. I look upon every day to be lost, in which I do not make a new acquaintance (S. Johnson). 4. If you would wish another to keep your secret, first keep it yourself (L. Seneca). 5. Taking these costs to be in the same units, it is reasonable to add the two costs and obtain the total cost. 6. He wished the matter to be taken seriously. 7. We want them to attend the conference. 8. We saw concrete parts be pre­fabricated at the works. 9. I heard Professor N. deliver a lecture on the subject. 10. We have already mentioned this method as affording good results. 11. He regards this concept as being not a simple one. 12. He had our research group presented at the last symposium.

TASK 20. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the Complex Object with Infinitive:

1. We proved this suggestion to be wrong. 2. There were some rea­sons to believe it to be the case. 3. Jordan supposed the statement not to be obvious and believed it to require a proof. 4. Aristotle supposes happi­ness to be associated with some other human activity. 5. The rule requires all arguments to be available before execution can take place. 6. Although this quantity is not the same, many scientists in the past have assumed it to be so. 7. The problem was recognized by many scientists as being of great importance. 8. One would expect the true value to have a 90% chance. 9. A way to get an interviewee to "open up" is the use of the "open-ended" questions.

Complex Subject

TASK 21. Translate the sentences, identifying Complex Subject:

1. People's knowledge is assumed to be well-organized and facilitate the understanding of new information. 2. This process was expected to be more effective. 3. These stages are assumed to occur sequentially. 4. That represen­tation does turn out to be useful. 5. The approach was reported to apply. 6. From now on this model will be assumed to be adequate. 7. The talks are intended to give the latest advanced ideas in this field. 8. This change seems to have begun towards the end of the last century. 9. The subject is likely to stimulate the reader's interest 10. To be in the weakest camp is certain to be in the strongest school. 11. Good people are unlikely to be corrupted by their surroundings. 13. These two methods turned out to be incompatible in effectiveness. 14. There happened to exist some ideas about the manipulation.

TASK 2 2. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the Complex Subject with Participles:

1. The plant is found growing in the East Indies. 2. This data set should in­tuitively be considered as consisting of two clusters. 3. This method, previously mentioned as affording good results, is being widely used. 4. The permanent in­come is often taken as having been established. 5. The problem can be thought of as being a multivariable generalization of the classical prob­lem.

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