Read and learn following words.

hollow – полый, пустой; полость, пустота

e.g. Sometimes it is necessary to make a hollow in the casting.

The two parts of metal mold are hollow.

to join – соединяться, присоединять

e.g. Before pouring the metal two halves of the mold must be joined.

To join is to make two parts together.

inside – 1) внутренняя часть, сторона;

2) внутри, внутрь;

3) с внутренней стороны

e.g. Molten metal solidifies inside the mold.

The inside of the mold has the shape of a casting.

to cover – покрывать

e.g. Before pouring the metal into a metal mold it is covered with carbon.

We must cover the inside of the metal mold with a carbon.

to stick – прилипать, приставать, приклеиваться

e.g. Casting must not stick to the inside of the mold.

core – литейный стержень

e.g. Cores are used to make hollows in the castings.

Cores may be made of sand or metal.

to employ – применять, использовать

e.g. Metal molds are employed for many purposes.

Cores are employed for forming a hollow.

permanent mold – постоянная форма

e.g. Permanent mold is a metal mold.

size – размер, величина

e.g. There are ladles of different sizes.

medium – средний

e.g. Permanent molds are used for producing casting of small and medium size.

to withstand – выдерживать, противостоять

e.g. Permanent molds must withstand high temperature.

cost – стоимость, цена

e.g. It is important to produce castings at a lower cost.

The cost of metal molds is rather high.

suitable – соответствующий, годный, подходящий

e.g. Suitable molds must be used for pouring the metal.

to remove – удалять, извлекать, вынимать

e.g. Casting must be removed from the mold when they cooled.

expensive – дорогой

e.g. Metal molds are more expensive than sand ones.

pattern – образец, модель (для литья), литейная модель

e.g. Patterns may be of different size and shapes.

to alloy – легировать, сплавлять (металлы), добавлять примесь к металлу

e.g. To alloy metals is necessary to get better properties of cast metals.

Alloying metals is a very important operation in foundry.

alloy – сплав (металлов), примесь, присадка

to clean – очищать, зачищать

clean – чистый

e.g. Castings are cleaned by different methods.

clay – глина

e.g. Clay is a molding material in foundry.

to mix – смешивать, перемешивать

mixture – смесь

e.g. To make an alloy some elements must be mixed.

Molding sand is a mixture of different materials.

smooth – ровный, гладкий

e.g. The inside of the mold must be smooth.

Cleaning the casting makes it smooth.

сoarse – грубый, шероховатый; крупный, крупнозернистый

e.g. Coarse surface of the casting is usually cleaned.

Coarse sand makes the casting less smooth.

fine – мелкий, мелкозернистый

e.g. Fine sand makes the surface of the casting smooth.

amount – количество, объём

e.g. Large amount of castings can be produced in metal molds.

work – 1) работа;

2) обработка;

3) обрабатываемая заготовка (деталь, изделие)

e.g. A sand mold must be used for producing a large work.

porosity – пористость

porous – пористый

pore – пора, отверстие

e.g. Coarse sand is more porous than fine sand.

The porosity of the molding material is a very important factor.

to contain – содержать (в себе), вмещать

content – объём, содержание

e.g. The molding sand contains some different materials.

Alloys contain some elements.

The content of clay in the molding sand makes it strong.

certain – определённый, некоторый, известный

e.g. Molds must be of certain size. Patterns must have certain shape.

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