3 страница. Main articles: Toyota in motorsports and Toyota Motorsport GmbH

Motorsports[edit]

Main articles: Toyota in motorsports and Toyota Motorsport GmbH

Toyota has been involved in many global motorsports series. They also represent their Lexus brand in other sports car racing categories. Toyota also makes engines and other auto parts for other Japanese motorsports including formula Nippon, Super GT, formula 3 and formula Toyota series. Toyota also runs a driver development programme known as the (Toyota Young Drivers Program, which they made for funding and educating future Japanese motorsports talent.^[143] Toyota Motorsport GmbH, with headquarters inCologne, Germany, has been responsible for Toyota's major motorsports development including Formula One, the World Rally Championship, the Le Mans Series, and most recently the FIA World Endurance Championship. Toyota enjoyed success in all these motorsports categories. In 2002, Toyota entered Formula One as a constructor and engine supplier; however, despite having experienced drivers and a larger budget than many other teams, they failed to match their success in other categories, with five second-place finishes as their best results. On November 4, 2009, Toyota announced they were pulling out of the sport due to the global economic situation.

Toyota's nationwide driver hunt of drivers for Etios Motor Racing Series ended up with selection of 25 drivers, who will participate in the race in 2013.^[144]

TRD [edit]

Toyota Racing Development (TRD) was brought about to help develop true high-performance racing parts for many Toyota vehicles. TRD has often had much success with their aftermarket tuning parts, as well as designing technology for vehicles used in all forms of racing. TRD is also responsible for Toyota's involvement in NASCARmotorsports.^{[ citation needed ]} TRD also made Lexus's performance division "F-Sport".

Nonautomotive activities[edit]

Aerospace [edit]

Toyota is a minority shareholder in Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation, having invested US$67.2 million in the new venture which will produce the Mitsubishi Regional Jet, slated for first deliveries in 2013.^[145] Toyota has also studied participation in the general aviation market and contracted with Scaled Composites to produce a proof-of-concept aircraft, theTAA-1, in 2002.^[146]

Philanthropy [edit]

The Toyota Municipal Museum of Art in Aichi, sponsored by the manufacturer

Toyota is supporter of the Toyota Family Literacy Program along with the National Center for Family Literacy, helping low-income community members for education, United Negro College Fund (40 annual scholarships), and National Underground Railroad Freedom Center (US$1 million) among others.^[147] Toyota created the Toyota USA Foundation. Toyota has also donated its kaizen management practices training to charities such as the Food Bank For New York City to improve services to the poor.^[148]

Higher education [edit]

Toyota established the Toyota Technological Institute in 1981, as Sakichi Toyoda had planned to establish a university as soon as he and Toyota became successful. Toyota Technological Institute founded the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago in 2003. Toyota is supporter of the Toyota Driving Expectations Program, Toyota Youth for Understanding Summer Exchange Scholarship Program, Toyota International Teacher Program, Toyota TAPESTRY, Toyota Community Scholars (scholarship for high school students), United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Internship Program, and Toyota Funded Scholarship.^[149] It has contributed to a number of local education and scholarship programs for the University of Kentucky, Indiana, and others.^[149]

Robotics [edit]

Main article: Toyota Partner Robot

Toyota trumpet-playing robot

In 2004, Toyota showcased its trumpet-playing robot.^[150] Toyota has been developing multitask robots destined for elderly care, manufacturing, and entertainment. A specific example of Toyota's involvement in robotics for the elderly is the Brain Machine Interface. Designed for use with wheelchairs, it "allows a person to control an electric wheelchair accurately, almost in real-time", with his or her mind.^[151] The thought controls allow the wheelchair to go left, right, and forward with a delay between thought and movement of just 125 milliseconds.^[151] Toyota also played a part in the development of Kirobo, the world's first 'robot astronaut'.

Agricultural biotechnology [edit]

Toyota invests in several small start-up businesses and partnerships in biotechnology, including:

· P.T. Toyota Bio Indonesia in Lampung, Indonesia

· Australian Afforestation Pty. Ltd. in Western Australia and Southern Australia

· Toyota Floritech Co., Ltd. in Rokkasho-Mura, Kamikita District, Aomori Prefecture

· Sichuan Toyota Nitan Development Co., Ltd. in Sichuan, China

· Toyota Roof Garden Corporation in Miyoshi-Cho, Aichi Prefecture

Environmental record[edit]

Toyota has been a leader in environmentally friendly vehicle technologies, most notably the RAV4 EV (produced from 1997 to 2003) and the Toyota Prius (1997 to present). Toyota is now working on their next generation Prius and second generation RAV4 EV both due out in 2012.

Toyota implemented its Fourth Environmental Action Plan in 2005. The plan contains four major themes involving the environment and the corporation's development, design, production, and sales. The five-year plan is directed at the, "arrival of a revitalized recycling-based society."^[152] Toyota had previously released its Eco-Vehicle Assessment System (Eco-VAS) which is a systematic life cycle assessment of the effect a vehicle will have on the environment including production, usage, and disposal. The assessment includes, "... fuel efficiency, emissions and noise during vehicle use, the disposal recovery rate, the reduction of substances of environmental concern, and CO2 emissionsthroughout the life cycle of the vehicle from production to disposal."^[153] 2008 marks the ninth year for Toyota's Environmental Activities Grant Program which has been implemented every year since 2000. Themes of the 2008 program consist of "Global Warming Countermeasures" and "Biodiversity Conservation."^[154]

Since October 2006, Toyota's new Japanese-market vehicle models with automatic transmissions are equipped with an Eco Drive Indicator. The system takes into consideration rate of acceleration, engine and transmission efficiency, and speed. When the vehicle is operated in a fuel-efficient manner, the Eco Drive Indicator on the instrument panel, lights up. Individual results vary depending on traffic issues, starting and stopping the vehicle, and total distance traveled, but the Eco Drive Indicator may improve fuel efficiency by as much as 4%.^[155] Along with Toyota's eco-friendly objectives on production and use, the company plans to donate US$1 million and five vehicles to the Everglades National Park. The money will be used to fund environmental programs at the park. This donation is part of a program which provides US$5 million and 23 vehicles for five national parks and the National Parks Foundation.^[156] However new figures from the United States National Research Council show that the continuing hidden health costs of the auto industry to the US economy in 2005 amounted to US$56 million.^[157]

The United States EPA has awarded Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc (TEMA) with an ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence Award in 2007, 2008 and 2009.^{[158][159][160]}

In 2007, Toyota's Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) fleet average of 26.69 mpg_-US (8.81 L/100 km; 32.05 mpg_-imp) exceeded all other major manufactures selling cars within the United States. Only Lotus Cars, which sold the Elise and Exige (powered by Toyota's 2ZZ-GE engine), did better with an average of 30.2 mpg_-US (7.8 L/100 km; 36.3 mpg_-imp).^[161]

Production and sales numbers[edit]

Note:Japan production numbers 1937 to 1987.^[191] Global production since 1998, global and Japanese production, Japanese sales since 2001 consolidated include Daihatsu and Hino.

See also[edit]

	Companies portal
	Japanese cars portal

· List of Toyota engines

· List of Toyota manufacturing facilities

· List of Toyota transmissions

· List of Toyota vehicles

· Nagoya Grampus, formerly the company's football club and still sponsored by them

· Toyota Verblitz, the company's rugby team

· Toyota War, a conflict between Libya and Chad which saw a heavy use of Toyota's pickup trucks.

· Toyota i-Road, a new concept car shown at March's 2013 Geneva Motor Show

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