The active vocabulary of the unit. Read the text and find the answers to the questions provided below.

Read the text and find the answers to the questions provided below.

Text A

Management styles

While analyzing management styles experts have gone from a very classical autocratic approach to a very creative, participative approach. And they have come to a conclusion that different styles are needed for different situations.

Four of the most basic management styles are:

Autocratic

Bureaucratic

Laissez-faire

Democratic

Autocratic management style is often considered as the classical approach. It is one in which the manager retains as much power and decision-making authority as possible. The manager does not consult the employees, the employees are not allowed to give any input. The employees are expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations.

Bureaucratic management style occurs where the manager acts strictly according to instructions, procedure or policy. If in some cases the situation is not described in the manual of instructions, the manager refers to the next level above him or her. Such a manager is really more of a police officer than a leader. Anyway, this style can be effective when

Employees are performing tasks that require handling cash;

Safety or security training is being conducted;

Employees are working with dangerous or delicate equipment etc.

Laissez-faire management style is also known as the “hands-off” style. It is one in which the manager provides little or no direction and gives employees as much freedom as possible. All authority or power is given to the employees and they must determine goals, make decisions, and resolve problems on their own. This is an effective style to use when:

Employees are highly skilled, experienced, and educated;

Employees are proud of their work;

Employees are trustworthy etc.

Democratic style is also called the participative style as it encourages employees to be part of the decision making process. The democratic manager keeps his or her employees informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities. This style requires the manager to be a coach who has a final say, but gathers information from staff members before making a decision.

Democratic management can produce high quality and quantity of work for long periods. Many employees like the trust they receive and respond with co-operation, team spirit, and high morale.

Like the other styles, the democratic style is not always suitable. It is the most successful when used with highly skilled or experienced employees, or when resolving individual or group problems.

1. According to what approach are employees expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations?

2. Where does bureaucratic management style occur?

3. What information did you get to know from the text about “hands-off” style?

4. Who keeps his or her employees informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities?

5. What kind of management can produce high quality and quantity of work for long periods? Express your point of view.

6. In what situations is the democratic style not suitable? Provide examples of your own.

7. What style do you prefer? Why?

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