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КАТЕГОРИИ:






THE FIRST WOMAN IN BUSINESS




At the start of the twentieth century the idea of women in business seemed crazy. In those days men held all the positions of power and made all the decisions about money. They believed that a woman` s place was at home, looking after her children, cooking for her family and managing the house. If a woman needed to work she could perhaps find a job in a shop or in a factory, but she had no chance of working as a businesswoman or a banker, or a lawyer.

Women` s fashions in the USA and Europe at that time supported their position in society. Fashionable women wore long dresses that almost touched the ground. This made it difficult for them to drive a car, ride a horse or even walk quickly.

But many women were not happy with their position in society, and they didn’t like the clothes they had to wear. One of those people was a French woman called Gabrielle ‘Coco’ Chanel. When she went into business in 1910, she planned to change clothes that women wore. But over the next sixty years she did much more than that, as she became the richest and the most successful businesswoman.

Coco Chanel had no experience of business when she opened her first hat shop in Paris in 1910. She was only twenty-seven years old and she came from an ordinary family. Many of Coco’s customers in her first shop were her young women friends. They loved the simple but beautiful hats and dresses that Coco made for them, and soon her shop started to do well.

David Evance

 

 

2. Говорение.

Представьте себе, что Вы готовитесь к конференции по вопросам языковой политики. Расскажите: - почему, по Вашему мнению, английский язык становится таким важным; - сколько языков Вы бы хотели изучать. Какие? - с какими проблемами сталкиваются люди при изучении языков. Imagine you are preparing for taking part in the conference on the language policy. Tell: - why the English language is becoming so important; - how many languages you would like to learn; what they would be; - what problems people face while learning the languages.

 


Билет № 5

1. Прочитайте, переведите, перескажите и задайте пять вопросов разных типов к тексту.

In the 21st century, our need for energy is greater than it has ever been. Fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas were formed millions of years ago, and when power stations burn them to create electricity, they release harmful gases into the atmosphere. There may be enough coal to last for a few hundred years, but known oil and gas reserves will run out in less than 50 years - and then what will we do?

Many scientists suggest turning to renewable energy, which means sources of energy that will never run out. It can be produced using the wind, the sun, waves or hot springs. The wind can turn large turbines to produce electricity, while energy from the sun can be collected in panels and stored in batteries. The movement of the sea can also be changed into electrical energy by using wave machines and, in parts of the world where there is volcanic activity, hot springs can produce geothermal energy. Unlike nuclear power, these are safe sources of energy that don’t pollute the environment.

Our dependence on fossil fuels has to end soon. Let’s hope that by the time all the reserves are gone, there will be enough alternative sources of efficient energy available. In the meantime, why don’t we try to reduce the amount of energy that we use?

 

2. Говорение.

К Вам в класс пришел новый мальчик, который увлекается чтением книг. Расскажите ему: - о роли книг в жизни человека; - какие книги Вы предпочитаете читать; - о своей любимой книге.   A new pupil who is fond of reading has come to your class. Tell him: - about the role of books in people’s life; - what books you prefer; - what your favourite book is.

 


Билет № 6

1. Прочитайте, переведите, перескажите и задайте пять вопросов разных типов к тексту.

 

Coca-Cola is probably the world’s best-known taste, and was the first truly global brand. Dr.JohnStith Pemberton, a pharmacist from Atlanta, Georgia, invented the drink. He mixed the Coca-Cola syrup, which was combined with carbonated water to make a popular soda fountain drink, in the local Jacob’s Pharmacy.

The first customers, who paid a hand­some 5 cents a glass, pronounced the drink to be “excellent,” “delicious and refreshing.”

Dr. Pemberton’s partner and book-keeper, Frank M. Robinson, suggested the pro­duct’s unusual name and wrote it down in his florid handwriting, feeling that the “two C’s would look well in advertising.” The first advertisement for the drink appeared in the Atlanta Journal, and handpainted oilcloth signs indicated which soda fountains offered the product. This was just the first step in a fantastic co-operation between the brand and advertising, which has made the trademark universally recognized.

A continuous stream of slogans have entered the collective consciousness, from “Drink Coca­Cola” in 1886, the iconic “I’d Like to Teach the World to Sing” television advertisement of 1971, right up to the simple assertion “Real” of today’s campaign.

 

2. Говорение.

Вас попросили подготовить сообщение о кино как виде искусства. Расскажите: - почему кино является видом искусства; - какие жанры фильмов существуют; - о своем любимом фильме.   You were asked to prepare a report about cinema as an art. Tell: - why cinema is an art; - what kinds of films exist nowadays; - what your favourite film is

 

 


Билет № 7

1. Прочитайте, переведите, перескажите и задайте пять вопросов разных типов к тексту.

 






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