Ukrainian Railways - Transport Arteries of International Trade between Europe and Asia

Rail networks worldwide have to cope with similar challenges: adapting their infrastructure, often outdated, to the demands of global transportation market; introducing promising rail technologies and more efficient management practices. Many countries including Ukraine will have to fulfil radical reforms. These are the crucial directions of rail transport development for the coming decades:

· super high-speed trains and routes;

· global transport corridors designed for transit hauls;

· interoperability ensuring end-to-end international transport services without local boundaries;

· innovative electronics and software for intelligent railroading.

The crucial direction of Ukraininan railway development is setting up the national net of international transport corridors (ITC) designed for transit freight, creation of logistics centers and wide implementation of modern technologies providing for ITC efficient functioning.

Ukraine as a transit country occupies an advantageous position to open up Euro-Asian markets. Three “Crete“corridords (III, V and IX) and four OSJD corridors (№3, 5 and 9) go through the territory of Ukraine. Cooperation with “Crete“ corridor VII is realized through Ukrainian ports Izmail and Reni on the Danube river. The Ukrainian section of 627km from Lviv to Kiev belongs to Corridor 3, starting from Berlin via Poland.

Transportation along TRACECA corridor (Europe–Caucasus –Asia) has increased involving ferry crossing Illichevsk-Poti/Batumi, Illichevsk-Varna. Organization of goods transportation in containers is well underway along the Eurasian transport corridor (China-Kazakhstan-Russia-Ukraine-EUcountries).

Since October 2004 direct international rail-ferry transportation Crimea-Caucasus through Kerch and Feodosiya sea trade ports has been renovated to attract more transit freight flows and improve passenger service.

To develop and upgrade ITC network, “The program for creation and functioning of the national net of international transport corridors in Ukraine“ was adopted. The general extension of railway ITCs passing through the territory of Ukraine is 3162km, expanded -6080km. It comprises mainly double track (92.3%), electrified (95.6%) and equipped with auto blocking system (90%) lines with high carrying capacity. The technical condition of rail infrastructure enables to operate passenger trains at 140km/h and freight trains – at 100km/h.

Ukrainian railways have to regularly upgrade border crossing operation of trains according to international standards. Automatic axle width shift system SUW-2000 was put into operation at Mostyska II station. It reduces the time needed to change 1520mm broad gauge into 1435mm European gauge from two hours to 30 minutes.

In order to harmonize the national legislature with the EU standards, Ukraine undertook steps to join the International Convention for International Carriage by Rail (KOTIF). It allows to transport freight from Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania through the territory of Ukraine with single consignment note when documents are not verified at the border crossing.

Two thirds of international freight volumes are transported through ITCs. Basic freight flows are such loads as coal, oil and oil products, ores, and ferrous metals, chemical and mineral fertilizers.

Think and answer:

1) Why is it important to develop ITCs worldwide and in Ukraine?

2) Which ITCs run through the territory of Ukraine?

3) What has been done to develop and upgrade ITC network in Ukraine?

4) What is being done to cut the time spent by trains at border crossing?

Exercise 23. Work alone. Write a description of a profession, and the qualities needed by people in this profession. Do not say what the profession is. Read out your description for others in the class to guess the profession.

Example.

This profession can be rewarding if you like dealing with people, especially children, but it is not very well paid. You have to know a lot about certain subjects and be quite creative. Your working day is quite short, but you have to work at home as well. One of the most attractive aspects of the profession is the long holidays.

Answer: teaching.

Exercise 24. There are many proverbs to do with work. Match a line from column A with a line from column B to form an English proverb.

What do the proverbs mean? Do you agree? Translate into English some of the proverbs you have in your language about work. Choose a proverb and comment on it by giving some real or imaginary situation.

Exercise 25. Imagine that you are to introduce yourself, your faculty and Academy to a group of American students. Make a written report on the topic “My Speciality“. To that end, review all the texts, dialogues and the vocabulary. Touch upon the following issues:

· the Academy and your faculty

· special courses you are delivered

· rail traffic operation: its objectives and specific areas

· your speciality, its role in market economy

· our graduates in the labour market of Ukraine

· your personal goals.

Make a good oral presentation of your report. Wish you success!

МЕТОДИЧНІ ВКАЗІВКИ

до розмовної теми

“My speciality – Railway Traffic Operation”

з розвитку навичок професійного спілкування

для студентів 2 курсу факультету УПП

(англійська мова)

Відповідальний за випуск: доц. Донець С.М.

Підписано до друку

Формат папіру 60х84 1/16. Папір писальний.

Умовн.-друк.арк.. Обл.-вид.арк..

Замовлення №. Тираж 250. Ціна

Друкарня ХарДАЗТу,

310050, Харків – 50, пл. Фейєрбаха, 7

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