Disadvantages of teleworking

· Teleworking has come to be viewed as more a complement rather than a substitute for work in the workplace.

· Intranet access for the teleworker may be slow due to telephone or modem connections and may be blocked for security reasons. Remote use of groupware, browsing, and downloading may be excruciatingly slow; and therefore, the capacity for work over a telephone line is greatly reduced, although the advent of broadband is changing this limitation.

· As for the life of the home teleworker, fellow employees in the home office sometimes resent home teleworkers. The home teleworker becomes socially isolated and further job advancement is more difficult to achieve. Work hours at home can either be not enough or too much, and there may be too many distractions at home.

· Employers risk loss of data confidentiality and integrity because of the lack of access control in the home office.

· Certain office functions such as corporate culture, loyalty, communication, access to people, and managerial control have yet to be replaced by the virtual office.

· Lastly, the cost of computing at the main office is increased.

MEETINGS

In a meeting, two or more people come together for the purpose of discussing a (usually) predetermined topic such as business or community event planning, often in a formal setting.

In addition to coming together physically (in real life, face to face), communication lines and equipment can also be set up to have a discussion between people at different locations, e.g. a conference call or an e-meeting.

Meetings are vital for management and communication. Properly run meetings save time, increase motivation, productivity, and solve problems. Meetings create new ideas and initiatives. Meetings diffuse conflict in a way that emails and memos cannot. Meetings are effective because the written word only carries 7% of the true meaning and feeling. Meetings are better than telephone conferences because only 38% of the meaning and feeling is carried in the way that things are said. The other 55% of the meaning and feeling is carried in facial expression and non-verbal signals. That's why meetings are so useful.

The main types of meetings are:

· Decision making meeting

· Information giving meeting

· Spontaneous / emergency meeting

· Routine meeting

· Internal meeting

· Customer / Client / Supplier

- first meeting

- established relationship

Meeting aims include:

· giving information

· training

· discussion

· generating ideas

· planning

· workshops

· consulting and getting feedback

· crisis management

· setting targets and objectives

· setting tasks and delegating

· making decisions

· motivating

· finding solutions / solving problems

· performance reporting / assessment

· special subjects – guest speakers

Meetings consist of a chairperson and participants. Both have specific responsibilities to guarantee that a meeting is effective. A combination of language and general communication skills is essential.

The process

Before the meeting takes place, it is important to invite participants to propose items or points for the agenda. Drawing up the agenda is usually the responsibility of the secretary or the chair. When the chair opens the meeting, it is usual to run through the agenda quickly. The first item is usually Matters Arising, to allow participants to go through the minutes of the previous meeting. After this, the discussion of the other points can begin. During the discussion, participants make recommendations and proposals in order to solve problems. If the meeting is scheduled for a whole day, it is typical to take breaks and to adjourn for lunch. Of course, it is necessary to resume [start again] after lunch. In the middle of the afternoon, participants often ask for a time out if they are feeling tired. At the end of the meeting, the last or next-to-last point is often AOB (Any Other Business) which gives participants the opportunity to raise other issues not included in the main agenda. During the meeting someone is nominated to take the minutes and after the meeting this person will write up the minutes for circulation to the other participants before the next meeting. Finally, the chair will close the meeting.

MONEY

Money is any medium of exchange that is widely accepted in payment for goods and services and in settlement of debts. Money also serves as a standard of value for measuring the relative worth of different goods and services. The number of units of money required to buy a commodity is the price of the commodity.

The most important types of money are commodity money, fiat money, and credit money. The value of commodity money is about equal to the value of the material contained in it, usually gold, silver, and copper. Until the 18th and 19th centuries, coins were given monetary worth based on the exact amount of metal contained in them, but most modern coins are based on face value – the value that governments choose to give them, irrespective of the actual metal content. Most governments now issue paper money in the form of bills, which are really "promises to pay". Such money is known as fiat money. Paper money is obviously easier to handle and much more convenient in the modern world. Credit money is paper backed by promises by the issuer, whether a government or a bank, to pay an equivalent value in the standard monetary metal. Both the fiat and credit forms of money are generally made acceptable through a government decree that all creditors must take the money in settlement of debts; the money is then referred to as legal tender.

Nowadays checks and credit cards are being used increasingly. At present, paper bills and coins are less widely used as a means of payment than checks and electronic transfers and it is possible to imagine a world where "money" in the form of coins and paper currency will no longer be used.

Functions of Money

Money is something which people generally accept in exchange for a good or a service. Money performs four main functions:

· a medium of exchange for buying goods and services;

· a unit of account for placing a value on goods and services;

· a store of value when saving;

· a standard for deferred payment when calculating loans.

Не нашли, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском: