Главная

Популярная публикация

Научная публикация

Случайная публикация

Обратная связь

ТОР 5 статей:

Методические подходы к анализу финансового состояния предприятия

Проблема периодизации русской литературы ХХ века. Краткая характеристика второй половины ХХ века

Ценовые и неценовые факторы

Характеристика шлифовальных кругов и ее маркировка

Служебные части речи. Предлог. Союз. Частицы

КАТЕГОРИИ:






VIII. Complete the sentence with the appropriate derivative of the word given in brackets.




1. Сrime (detect) is not an easy task for a young investigator.

2. (rob) involves the application or the threat of force in order to commit the theft.

3. In the late Roman Empire the notaries were (response) for drafting wills, conveyances and contracts.

4. The person making a claim is now called a (claim), instead of the plaintiff, as he was known for hundreds of years.

5. Looking back over the years, we may see our legal history as a story of superstition and (ignore), (brutal) and (cruel).

6. During the medieval period of our history the law and religion were (close) related to one another.

IX. Read the text and translate it into Russian in written form.

Imprisonment

The idea of imprisonment as a form of punishment is relatively modern. Until the late 18th century, prisons were used primarily for the confinement of debtors who could not pay, of accused persons waiting for the trial, and of those convicted persons waiting for their sentences – death or transportation. Since the late 18th century, with the decline of capital punishment, the prison has been used also as a place of punishment. With the abolition of transportation, the prison has become the principle sanction for most serious crimes.

Concern over prison conditions has not diminished over the years. Problems of security and the protection of prisoners from violence on the part of other prisoners arise, as prison populations in most countries continue to grow and prisons become overcrowded. The people who make up the population of most prison systems have many characteristics in common. The population of most prison systems is predominantly male and relatively young. Most offenders in prison have a number of previous convictions. The most common offences for which prisoners are in custody are burglary, theft, violence, or robbery.

Prisons are classified administratively as local or central prisons. Local prisons serve a variety of purposes. They hold prisoners awaiting trial or sentencing and prisoners serving shorter sentences, up to about 18 months. These prisons are the most overcrowded ones. Prisoners serving longer sentences are detained in central prisons. Central prisons are large maximum- security prisons holding more than 1000 offenders in conditions of strict security. For security, prisoners are classified into four categories, from A (prisoners likely to attempt escape, and constituting, if successful, a significant danger to the public) to D (prisoners who can be trusted to work in conditions of minimal security). Prisoners who are not considered a danger to the community may be confined in low-security or open prisons. Women are normally held in separate institutions. Young people who have done something illegal are kept in detention centres because they are too young to go to prison. The purpose of these institutions is rather treatment or correction than punishment.

Prisons are institutions, in which every aspect of life is subject to control. This control is a means of maintaining security, controlling the introduction of weapons or contraband substances, and preventing escapes. Generally, prisons are governed by rules setting out a code of conduct and listing prohibited behaviour. The code must be given to the prisoner on his arrival in the prison.

 






Не нашли, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском:

vikidalka.ru - 2015-2024 год. Все права принадлежат их авторам! Нарушение авторских прав | Нарушение персональных данных