I. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Письменно переведите 4 и 5 абзацы.

Along with tens of thousands of other banana growers in the Windward Islands, Denise Suthurland faces ruin. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has forced the European Union to phase out its old quota system that guaranteed West Indian growers market access, and there's no way she can match the prices of the giant US corporations that dominate the market for the world's favourite fruit.

In Costa Rica, Juan Verdes Sancez, a sugar cane grower who sells to a local farmers' association, is unsure if he and his colleagues will survive another year. Most of the world's sugar producer cannot break into the European or US markets because of high tariffs and the heavy subsidies that western farmers enjoy.

But there is now hope for Denise and Juan - they are selling some or all of their produce to the growing "fair trade" market that protects them from depressed world commodity markets and the price wars between giant multinationals.
For its supporters, fair trade is an example of how world trade can and should be run to fight poverty. Groups of producers deal directly with first-world companies that pay well over the world market price. They also get an added premium, which goes directly to the group of farmers to be shared out in any way they choose.

Fair trade food is booming. What started as a way for Dutch consumers to support Nicaraguan farmers in the 1960s has grown into a $500m a year global niche market with more than 400 northern companies now importing fruit, coffee, tea, bananas, nuts, orange juice and other foods.
Meanwhile, demand for other "fairly traded" but unlabelled non-food goods, such as handicrafts and textiles, is also growing.
Fair trade food sales are growing by more than 25% a year internationally and almost 100% a year in Britain, now the largest market after Switzerland. This market is one of the most remarkable consumer success stories of the past decade, promoted quietly in Britain, and now attraction multinationals such as Sainsbury's, Starbucks and Carrefour.

It is ironic, though, that fair trade, which was designed to reduce the injustices of the world trading system, could itself become a victim of the WTO. Technically, it could be banned because WTO rules prohibit "differentiation" between products on the basis of their means of production.
In the meantime, fair trade shows that charity is not needed to lift people out of poverty and that social and environmental standards can be put into trade.

II. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1. What was fair trade designed for?

2. What has the WTO forced the European Union to do?

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