The English sound system Principles of classification of consonants

The English sound system. Principles of classification of vowels.

Phonetics is a discipline of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds used in speech.Vowel is a sound when the air stream has no obstruction on its during of articulation.Vowels are classified according to tongue position (horizontal(fully front v-s[e,i:],front retreated v-s[i],mixed v-s[ə],back advanced v-s[u:],back v-s) & vertical(close[u:][i:][i][u],mid-open[e],open[a:][ æ])), lip position (labialized[u:][ ɔ:],non-labialized[ɜ͟:]), length (short & long), the degree of tenseness, the stability of articulation (monophtong[u],diphthong[au],diphtongoid[i:][u:]).

The English sound system Principles of classification of consonants

Phonetics is a discipline of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds used in speech.Consonant is a sound when the air stream has obstruction on its during of articulation.Consonants are classified according to:

1.type of obstruction & kind of noise: occlusive (plosive[p][b] & nasal[m][n][l]), constrictive (fricative[f][v] & sonant[j][w]), affricates [tS][dз]

2.the work of active organ of speech & place of obstruction: fore lingual (apical-alveolar[t][d], apical-dental[Ө],curcuminal[r]), medio lingual( palatal), back lingual (velar[ŋ], glottal[h])

3. labio-dental [t][v] & bilabial [b][p]

4.the work of vocal cords & the force of articulation(lenis [b][d] & fortis [p][f])

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