ТОР 5 статей: Методические подходы к анализу финансового состояния предприятия Проблема периодизации русской литературы ХХ века. Краткая характеристика второй половины ХХ века Характеристика шлифовальных кругов и ее маркировка Служебные части речи. Предлог. Союз. Частицы КАТЕГОРИИ:
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The subject-matter of phonetics, its practical aims.Phonetics is a science devoted to the physical analysis of the sounds of human speech, including their production, transmission, and perception. Phonetics is traditionally divided into two branches: acoustic, concerned with the structure of the acoustic signal itself, and articulatory, concerned with the way these sounds are produced. Theoretical Phonetics studies speech sounds: 1) from every point of view. Articulatory point of view - every speech sound is a complex of definite finely coordinated and differentiated movements and positions of the various speech organs. Acoustic - speech sounds have certain physical properties. Phonological - speech sounds are studied through the phonological oppositions. Auditory - all of speech sounds have infinite number of features. 2) studies mechanisms of vowel and consonant production: Vibrator mechanism - vocal cords Resonator mechanism - oral cavity, nasal cavity Obstructer mechanism - tongue, VC, teeth Power mechanism - lungs, diaphragm 3) sounds are studied not only separately but in clusters and in speech. Thus we've come to kinetics and kinesthetic factors. 4) the matter of analysis: - description - setting down as many as possible features which are present in sounds. - classification - mentioning those features by which sounds utter. One of the main subjects is intonation. Theoretical phonetics views it from the point of view of different schools and approaches: Russian - intonation consists of speech melody, tones, change in pitch. British - intonation is a contour, that is a unit of intonation consisting of pre-head, head, nucleus and tail. American - intonation is pitch. Differences in pitch cause differences in meaning. Speaking about sounds we usually view them in words, which consist of syllables. This is another subject of theoretical phonetics - syllable division and different approaches to it.
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