Translate the following text into Ukrainian in written form

The carburetor. Gasoline in its raw liquid form will not burn satisfactory to operate an internal-combustion engine. It must first be broken up into small drops, or atomized. After being atomized, the gasoline is vaporized and mixed with air in proper proportions for combustion. While these proportions vary slightly for different makes of engines, one part of gasoline to fifteen parts of air by mass is the average mixture used. The carburetor, therefore, is a device which automatically vaporizes and mixes the gasoline and air in the proper proportions necessary for starting, idling, acceleration, and power at various speeds.

2. Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:

1. Every time we ……… (to buy) a foreign car we ……… (to put) someone else out of work. (Woodrow Wyatt)

2. Money ……… (to talk), they ……… (to say). All it ever said to me was “Goodbye”. (Cary Grant)

3. Politicians are the same all over. They ………. (to promise) to build a bridge even where there is no river. (Khrushchev)

4. In a hierarchy every employee ……… (to tend) to rise to his level of incompetence. (Laurence J. Peter)

5. While my father …… (to repair) his car last morning, my brother and I …… (to improve) the interior of it. Everybody …… (to like) our work.

6. I ……… (never/to have) any trouble with getting the car started.

7. Due to the establishment of new bus and city train routes the passenger service ……… (to be improved).

8. In spite of all my protests, Bill ……… (to go) home ten minutes ago.

9. My sister ……… (to lose) the ignition key. She can’t find it.

10. The temperature ……… (to be maintained) at the point of 20 degrees since the beginning of the experiment.

11. The new apparatus ……… (just/to be installed) in the laboratory. The delegation will arrive to check it in two weeks.

12. While using this type of equipment, they ……… (not/to receive) any good results this month.

13. Ann ……… (not/to want) to explore that lonely island as the trip ……… (to be) too dangerous and expensive.

Text 10

THE CRANKSHAFT

The piston goes up and down but the car wheels go round. So something must change the up-and-down movement. The connecting rod is connected to the piston. The connecting rod can swing from side to side. The big end is connected to a shaft (the crankshaft). The crankshaft can move round inside the big end. As the piston goes up and down, the connecting rod causes the crankshaft to go round.

When you ride a bicycle, your legs go up and down. The pedals and the chain wheel go round. The movement of the connecting rod is like your leg movement. So the connecting rod causes the crankshaft to go round. This circular movement goes through the gears to the car wheels.

THE CAMSHAFT

As the crankshaft turns, it turns another shaft. This is the camshaft. There is a wheel with teeth at one end of the crankshaft. This wheel is connected by a chain to a bigger wheel. This bigger wheel is at the end of the camshaft. So when the crankshaft turns, the camshaft turns too. The camshaft has cams for each cylinder. They open and close the inlet and exhaust valves on each cylinder.

The cams turn with the shaft. As the high part of the cam comes up, it pushes up a rod. This rod pushes up one of a lever (the rocker arm) the other end of the lever pushes down the valve and opens it.

On each valve there is a strong spring. As the lower part of the cam comes round, the spring forces the rocker arm up. This closes the valve. The turning of the shaft is set in a certain way. It makes the inlet and exhaust valves open and shut at the right time.

There is a gear wheel in the middle of the chamber of the camshaft. It does two things. It turns the distributor. It works the oil pump.

The camshaft turns the distributor. The distributor distributes electricity to the sparking plug. The sparking plug fires the petrol and air mixture in the cylinder, at the right time in the firing cycle. So the camshaft controls the firing cycle.

THE IGNITION SWITCH

The ignition switch is an electrical switch that turns the current off or on in the ignition circuit. It operates in the same manner as the light in your home. It is usually located on the instrument panel and is operated by a key, so that only the person who has the key can turn on the switch. The ignition switch, in addition to completing the ignition circuit, usually has additional terminals which complete the circuits to the instruments or warning lights (fuel, temperature, oil pressure, charging), to the accessories (heater, radio, etc.) and to the starting motor. The ignition, instrument, and accessories circuits are connected when the switch is turned to the accessories position. Only the starting circuit is connected when the ignition switch is in the start position.

Text 11

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