THE KEYS TO A CIVIL SOCIETY—DIVERSITY, TOLERANCE, RESPECT, CONSENSUS

As we have read about or experienced in our own lives, the advances in technology and transportation are creating a more mobile and global community. The global economy is building a new network of relationships between people and countries. People from all walks of life and all cultures are connecting with each other on a daily basis. For example, 148 million people worldwide are communicating across borders via the Internet. With the changes in populations due to the effects of climate, disease, and violent conflicts, as well as the changes in life expectancy, traditional institutions and the world's labor force are evolving. Such barriers as those between the young and the old, male and female, and prejudices against individual groups such as the physically impaired are increasingly being challenged.

Because of these changes and the growing globalization, diversity is an issue that pervades every society. It is something that has impact on every person and so it is an issue that needs to be addressed. The most common subjects related to diversity center around race, color, gender, religion, and economic status. Many other related subjects are also often considered such as education, language, physical abilities, age, and culture. Diversity even relates to more specific subjects such as personal preferences....

Throughout history, peoples and societies generally tended toward a more homogeneous approach in their development and were often afraid of or prejudiced against differences. Standards and norms were established according to the beliefs of the dominant group(s) or culture(s). National identities used to be developed on the principle of sameness—sameness of ethnic origin, sameness of language, sameness of religion, and so on. Laws were created to exclude or even punish certain differences. Groups and societies saw anyone (or group) that was different as being automatically suspect and often inferior. Civil wars and world wars have been fought over issues relating to diversity.

With the quickly expanding concept and realization of more interrelated communities, nations and societies have begun to focus more on the variety that diversity brings. It is becoming more evident that differences can add value and quality. For example, Western medicine is beginning to accept such Eastern alternatives as acupuncture.... And breaking the age discrimination barrier, U.S. astronaut and Senator John Glenn made his second voyage into space at the age of 77 in order to conduct various experiments related to age. Today's generations are beginning to look for or build common threads around which differences can exist in harmony and the values in the differences can he shared. The concept of sameness is being replaced with unity....

This change in view, however, is not coming easily to the world, Many
long-standing prejudices and practices counter to diversity still exist n all societies. Education is one of the keys to diminishing the prejudices against diversity. Awareness is the first step in the process. Helping students to become aware of the diversity around them and to recognize the value in that diversity is key to building a strong civil society.

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