Direct and Reported Speech

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Пряма мова (Direct Speech)

He said, ‘I want to go home,’ and walked out. – Він сказав: «Я хочу піти додому» та вийшов.

Непряма мова (Reported Speech)

He said that he wanted to go home, and walked out. – Він сказав, що хоче піти додому та вийшов.

Розповідні речення у непрямій мові

Direct Speech

Reported Speech

‘I work hard,’ he said. ‘I am working hard,’ he said. ‘I have worked hard,’ he said. ‘I worked hard,’ he said. ‘I will work hard,’ he said. ‘I have been working hard,’ he said. ‘I am going to work hard,’ he said. ‘I can work harder,’ he said. ‘I may work harder,’ he said. ‘I must work harder,’ he said. ‘I should work harder,’ he said. ‘I ought to work harder,’ he said.

He said (that) he worked hard. He said (that) he was working hard. He said (that) he had worked hard. He said (that) he had worked hard. He said (that) he would work hard. He said (that) he had been working hard. He said (that) he was going to work hard. He said (that) he could work harder. He said (that) he might work harder. He said (that) he had to/must work harder. He said (that) he should work harder. He said (that) he ought to work harder.

Примітка 1. To say може змінюватися на to tell, якщо є особа, до якої звернена пряма мова (сполучник that іноді опускається).

He said to me, ‘The talks have started.’ – He told me (that) the talks had started.

She said, ‘I have enough.’ – She said (that) she’d had enough.

Примітка 2. Зміни займенників та прислівників:

this – that these – those now – then today – that day tomorrow – the next day the day after tomorrow – two days later

yesterday – the day before the day before yesterday – two days before ago – before next year – the next year, the following year here – there

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