Facts and processes
When we write or talk about facts or processes that occur regularly, we use the present passive.
Examples:
1 Data is transferred from the internal memory to the arithmetic-logical unit along channels known as buses.
2 The other users are automatically denied access to that record.
3 Distributed systems are built using networked computers.
Exercise 1 Read the text below, which describes the insurance company's procedure for
dealing with PC-users' problems. Fill in the gaps using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
All calls!___________ ________ (register) by the Help Desk staff. Each call
______________ (evaluate) and then_____________________
(allocate) to the relevant support group. If a visit 1_______________
(require), the user ' ____________ (contact) by telephone, and an
appointment b (arrange). Most calls
7__________________ (deal with) within one working day. In the event of a
major problem requiring the removal of a user's PC, a replacement can usually
8________________________________ (supply).
Exercise 2 Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the appropriate form of the
verb in brackets.
1 The part of the processor which controls data transfers between the various input and output devices___________________ (call) the control unit.
2 The address bus ______ (use) to send address details between the
memory and the address register.
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3 The pixel positions......
recognition software.
4 An operating system
(pass on) to the computer's pattern
(store) on disk.
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5 Instructions written in a high-level language_________________
(transform) into machine code.
6 In the star configuration, all processing and control functions ._______ __________ (perform) by the central computer.
7 When a document arrives in the mail room, the envelope
_____________________ (open) by a machine.
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8 Once the index
--._________ (store), a temporary key number
(generate) and___________________ (write) on the
document.
Exercise 3
Events
When we write or talk about past events, we use the past passive. Let us look at some examples.
Examples:
1 COBOL was first introduced in 1 959.
2 Microsoft was founded on the basis of the development of MS/DOS.
3 The organization was created to promote the use of computers in education.
Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verb in brackets.
____________________ Ucundj oy bill Gates.
2 C language____________________ (develop) in the 1970s.
3 During that period, enormous advances. ________
computer technology.
4 The following year, twice as many PCs __ ____
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7 Last year, more software companies_________
before.
8 IBM's decision not to continue manufacturing mainframes
___________ (reverse) the year after it.___
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5 In the 1980s, at least 100,000 LANs___
laboratories and offices around the world.
6 The first digital computer Pennsylvania inl946.
. (set up) in
_ (build) by the University of __ (launch) than ever
___ (take).

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