ТОР 5 статей: Методические подходы к анализу финансового состояния предприятия Проблема периодизации русской литературы ХХ века. Краткая характеристика второй половины ХХ века Характеристика шлифовальных кругов и ее маркировка Служебные части речи. Предлог. Союз. Частицы КАТЕГОРИИ:
|
WAYS OF RENDERING THE LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL MEANINGS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE ENGLISH INFINITIVETranslation of the English infinitive is greatly predetermined by its form and sometimes by its function in the sentence. The infinitive functioning as a single part of the sentence, i.e., not being a component of a secondary predication complex, has usually corresponding equivalents in Ukrainian. The latter are a single infinitive or infinitival phrase when the infinitive functions as 1. The subject:
It was pretty nice to get back to my room. /Salinger/ To get Irene out of London... that was the thing. /Galsworthy/ There was no need to desribe the Kelseys. (Christie)
2. The simple nominal predicate: «A gentleman to strike a lady!» (B.Shaw) This function of the infinitive is often observed in Ukrainian Вже скоро бути бабиному літу. (Дмитерко) 3. Part of a compound predicate /or predicative: No, you couldn't have called Hi, її не можна було назвати ... the company began to...товариство заходилося/ mark the time. (LDurrel) розпочало відраховувати час. Her next step was to speak її наступним кроком було to Llewellyn. (Cronin) ^ поговорити з Ллевеллином. «You will have to wait until you «Вам доведеться почекати. hear from me again.» (Dreiser) доки я знову сповіщу про себе». 4. The Object (simple, extended or expanded): ~i- --- - -,
Джулїі дуже подобалось тоді сидіти в затінку і дивитися на річку/воду. Вона вчила його сидіти за столом і не класти на нього руки. The infinitive has also its equivalents in Ukrainian when it is used as a complement to an adjective or adjectivized past participle: «I'm very glad to have seen «я дуже радий, що зуст- you again...» (Cronin) рівся з вами знову/що побачив вас знову...» Very often the English infinitival object may have in Ukrainian an equivalent infinitival phrase introduced by the conjunction: / was too much disturbed to Я був аж надто стурбова- 5. An attribute (which is less often used in Ukrainian) as in the sentence below: «Can I give you anything to «Дати вам щось поїсти чи. Attributive infinitives can also be conveyed with the help of attributive subordinate clauses: We made a list of things to be Ми склали список речей, This same attributive syntaxeme may also be translated as які/що треба було взяти з собою. Some English attributive syntaxemes can be conveyed in Ukrainian with the help of an attributive subordinate clause: «... he wasn't a sort of boy to «... він був не з тих хлопців,
bje moved from 3. purpose... (Ibid.) Some English attributive infinitives may have apart from subordinate clauses or infinitival phrases also prepositional nouns for their semantic equivalents in Ukrainian: ... there were instructions to... були дані інструкції до / виконати). Note. This function of the infinitive is also observed in Ukrainian: мати бажання поїсти/щось випити. Він мав надію ще зустрітися. 6. An adverbial modifier (usually of purpose, result or consequence) may be conveyed in Ukrainian with the help of an infinitival щоб-phrase, a prepositional noun or a noun word-group: She wanted time to, think it їй треба було часу для It was too dark to_ distinguish Було занадто темно, щоб These were the main Ukrainian semantic equivalents for single English infinitives performing different functions in the sentence. Не нашли, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском:
|