A four-year-old boy has died in a house fire, police have said. 1 страница

ВАРІАНТ 1

TASK 1

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentences you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

() (1) Man has added extraneous substances to his food since prehistoric times. Salt and spices are the oldest food additives we know of, used by prehistoric man to preserve his meat and fish, and to make the taste more interesting. Today, the substances, natural and synthetic, added to food run into thousands. Most of the foods we buy contain one or more additives.

() (2) In most developing countries, two-thirds or more of the people live in rural areas, with few, if any, of the services the city-dweller takes for granted. Water taps in houses, for example, are almost unknown. At best, there may be a village well. Often the only source of water is a lake or a stream, perhaps several kilometres away. The drudgery of water-carrying can take up the better part of every day.

() (3) It is not necessary to emphasize the enormous restrictions that blindness imposes upon the ordinary procedures of earning a living: we’re only too well aware that we’re in general more dependent on sight than on smell, touch or hearing. But it’s worth pointing out that sight affects the knowledge of the world we receive through our other senses.

() (4) Mankind is always searching for a better life. One way of improving it is to plan work so that it corresponds to the capacities and needs of the worker. Ergonomics is concerned with fitting work to man. It doesn’t limit its goal to the elimination of physical hazards to health, but aims at making the work more satisfying to the worker.

() (5) People need to be made far more aware of safety in ordinary everyday situations — a classic example, of course, is the child reaching for the bottle of tablets Mum forgot to lock away — and it seems to me that the cinema would be the ideal place in which to get the message across. A film about safety tucked at the end of the forthcoming attractions and advertisements would then be seen by a large section of the population.

A Most food nowadays contains additives.

В Books are good.

C Showing short safety films in the cinema would be an excellent way of promoting awareness of the need for everyday safety consciousness.

D Work can be organized to suit the capabilities of humans.

E Juan enjoys playing games.

F We depend on sight.

G Most people in developing countries have to carry all their water.

H All cartoons are bad.

TASK 2

Read the text below. For questions (6-10) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

HALF-TRUTHS

Beware of those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can create a false impression.

For example, someone might say, ’I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!’

This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser!

He didn’t say anything that was false, but he deliberately omitted important information. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.

Untrustworthy candidates in political campaigns often use this tactic. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents runs an ad saying, ’During Governor Smith’s term, the sate lost one million jobs!’ That’s true. However an honest statement would have been, ’During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs’.

Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An ad might boast, ’Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples’. It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.

This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.

6 When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information.

A He give you ten dollars.

В He is a big loser.

C He can create a false impression.

D He is a good liar.

7 Which statement is true according to the article?

A Whenever people tell the truth, they are really lying.

В You can’t trust gamblers.

C All governors help their states.

D The truth can be used in dishonest ways.

8 What does ’deceive’ mean?

A Removing one’s teeth in public

В Ignore warnings

C Fool

D Repair

9 What does ’omitted’ mean?

A Spent money

В Left out

C Told about

D Exposed

10 The author clearly wants people to....

A think carefully about what they read and hear

В wear mismatched socks during political campaigns

C never trust anyone

D vote for female candidates

TASK 3

Read the text. Match each passage (11-16) with the statements (A-H). There are two statements you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

11 David wants to buy a Christmas present for a very special person, his mother. David’s father gives him $5.00 a week pocket money and David puts $2.00 a week into his bank account. After three months David takes $20.00 out of his bank account and goes to the shopping mall. He looks and looks for a perfect gift. Suddenly he sees a beautiful brooch in the shape of his favourite pet. He says to himself, ’My mother loves jewelry, and the brooch costs only $17.00’. He buys the brooch and takes it home. He wraps the present in Christmas paper and places it under the tree. He is very excited and he is looking forward to Christmas morning to see the joy on his mother’s face. But when his mother opens the present she screams with fright because she sees a spider.

12 I want to tell you... I just gave birth to 5 babies last weekend. Isn’t that exciting? Oh, you don’t believe me? Okay then, I stole some money from a bank on Saturday night. Now do you believe me? (Actually, I hope you don’t.) This holiday started in the sixteenth century in Europe. Before that time, New Year’s Day was celebrated on April 1st. Then a new calendar was introduced called the Gregorian calendar. January 1st became the first day of the year, but many people did not know

about it. So those who continued to celebrate New Year’s Day on April 1st were teased. They were called fools. Nowadays we play jokes on people on this day.

13 A ground hog is a small animal that digs and lives under the ground. It is also called the woodchuck There is a legend that says that the ground hog wakes up from his hibernation on February 2. (February 2 is half way between winter and spring.) If he comes up from his hole and it is sunny, he will see his shadow and be frightened. If he sees his shadow, there will be 6 more weeks of winter weather. But if he comes up and the sky is cloudy, he will not see his shadow and will not be frightened. Then spring weather will come very soon. Some people believe this legend and they watch the sky on February 2.

14 This holiday falls on October 31st each year in North America and other parts of the world. The tradition of this holiday was carried to America by the immigrating Europeans. It is primarily a fun day for children. Children dress up in costumes like people did a thousand years ago. But instead of worrying about evil spirits, they go from house to house. They knock on doors and say ’trick or treat’. The owner of each house gives candy or something special to each trick or treater.

15 The United States has at least one holiday in every month except August. On the third Monday of February, Americans celebrate the birthday of two former presidents. They are George Washington and Abraham Lincoln. You may have heard of them. They were both famous U.S. presidents and they both have birthdays in February. Even though they are different days, we celebrate both of them on the same day.

16 This holiday is a very old holiday. It goes back to the times of Ancient Rome. One of the characters we often see on this day is Cupid. He was the son of Venus, the goddess of love. He shoots people with arrows of love. When a man and a woman are hit by his arrows, they will fall in love. Today people celebrate this holiday on February 14.

A Special Christmas Present

В Martin Luther King, Jr

C President’s Day

D History of Halloween

E Ground Hog Day

F April Fool’s Day

G St. Valentine’s Day

H St. Patrick’s Day

TASK 4

Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

THE MAN WHO LOVED WOMEN

Grady was rich, but he was 78 and on his deathbed. No amount of money—or love—could save him now.

In his youth, Grady had been a major skirt-chaser. No woman was safe from his charm. He used to juggle three or four girlfriends at a time.

He’d often accidentally call them by the wrong names. The first time that happened to (17) ___________________, she would get upset. Instead of lying, Grady would admit that he had another girlfriend—or two. ’But’, he would quickly add, ’you are my number one. You’ll always be my number one’.

Somehow, this little white lie often worked. Sometimes his various girlfriends would even end up meeting each other and become fast friends.

Any attractive woman was (18) ___________________. He would walk right up to her and say, ’You’re very attractive. Are you single and unattached?’ If she said yes, he’d invite her out for (19) ___________________ right then and there. If she said yes, but she didn’t have time just then for coffee, he’d get her phone number and ask for a rain check. If she said no, he’d ask her if she had a twin sister who was single and unattached. This often made the woman smile or laugh. Sometimes she would change her no to a yes.

Grady was (20) ___________________. He was just average-looking, but he carried himself with confidence and had (21) ___________________ and a pleasant laugh. He was well-read, he knew a thousand jokes, and he had no bad habits. Perhaps most important, he made a woman feel like a woman, according to many of his girlfriends.

Even in his old age, Grady hadn’t slowed down. Tending to his dying needs were Didi and Mimi, (22) ___________________ that Grady had finally ’settled down’ with.

A a target for Grady

В one hundred dollars

C a new girlfriend

D a pair of 40-year-old twins

E a wonderful dancer

F a cup of coffee

G an important information

H a ready smile

TASK 5

Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

HOW TELEVISION HAS CHANGED

You really have to get very old before you realize you’re old. I’m in my middle fifties and I don’t feel old yet. However, sometimes I look back at my childhood and (23) ___________________ things to the way life is for (24) ___________________ kids. Some things have certainly changed.

One area of change is television. Some changes have been improvements. Some changes, on the other hand, have been (25) ___________________.

When I started school, most people didn’t have a television; TV was just beginning to get (26) ___________________. My father decided to go all out and buy a 16 inch black and white Motorola set. I still remember watching the Lone Ranger save people from the (27) ___________________ guys on that awesome electronic machine. That was (28) ___________________!

Now, (29) ___________________ have larger pictures in full color. The pictures_______ are clearer and the sound is much more realistic. The new high definition sets are made to rival (30) ___________________ screens.

The variety and quantity of programming has (31) ___________________ greatly. There are hundreds of channels and more shows than one person could ever watch. There are many me entertainment and educational (32) ___________________. There’s also a lot of garbage, stuff that____________________ most parents don’t want their kids exposed to. Overall, we have more choices, and that is good.

I wonder what television will be like when today’s kids are my age.

TASK 6

Read the text below. For each of the empty space (33-42) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

UNDERGROUND MUSIC

Waiting for the Metro in Paris is a lot more pleasant nowadays, thanks to a project orchestrated by transit officials.

As Jim Bittermann reports, it brings a whole new concept to the term ’underground music’.

It may be rush hour in the Paris underground, but these days down here there are good reasons to slow down a little when commuting is more than just getting from A to B, when the transit can be too rapid.

Increasingly, the underground tunnels Parisians know as the Metro echo with music worth being late for. That wasn’t, and even today, isn’t always the case. There’s never a shortage of those risking starvation by attempting to sing for their supper, and there’s always someone to appreciate an artist staiggling.

In the past, without much success, authorities periodically (33) ___________________ tried to eject the would-be musicians who inflict themselves on the travelling public. But with their numbers continually growing, the situation seemed to be getting out of hand.

Transit officials came to the conclusion that if they (34) ___________________ not beat the musicians at their game, perhaps they (35) ___________________ perhaps join them, or at least organize it a little better. So just over a year ago, they set up auditions to select the 300-or-so performers who (36) ___________________ become the official underground musicians of Paris.

And it is now an ongoing process. Every six months, all the officially sanctioned musicians, minus those who (37) ___________________ found real work and plus those looking for a underground gig, (38) ___________________ appear at a Metro audition.

Antione Nazo, a one-time guitar plucker himself, video tapes them all for approval by a music committee. ’We (39) ___________________ not have the pretension that we (40) ___________________ selecting music virtuosos’, Nazo says. ’We just put ourselves in the shoes of the riders. We want good quality music, not too aggressive, and as diversified as possible’.

Diversification (41) ___________________ never been a problem in Paris. A city which, as a current exhibition on street musicians plainly illustrates, has more than two centuries of encouraging the artists who work its boulevard.

For those selected to be the Metro’s officially sanctioned performers, there’s a badge which ensures they (42) ___________________ work uninterrupted by transit authority police, and which often guarantees as well a good well travelled spot in a busy metro station, which some musicians, w'hen the mood of the travelling public is right, can mean as much as 600 euros a day in income.

Of course, that does not happen every day to everyone. But many down here are not looking for a fortune.

Paul Suzan said that ’the people who play here play because they first of all, they love the music. But it keeps you in shape and gives you some pocket money’.

After a year in operation, Metro authorities believe their official musicians have raised the quality of underground performances and the mood of the travelling public, and prove that there’s more than one way an underground can move people.

ВАРІАНТ 2

TASK 1

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentences you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

() (1) Nicole Kidman spoke of the tension on her marriage to Keith Urban yesterday when he went into rehab months after the pair wed. The Oscar winner told of her upset in an interview with Russell Crowe for Oprah Winfrey Show.

() (2) Women will earn the same prize money as their male counterparts for the first time at this year’s Wimbledon tournament. In the past Wimbledon officials had argued that the difference in pay was justified by the fact that women play best-of-three set matches while men played best-of-five.

() (3) Britain’s first entirely green housing estate complete with wind turbines and rainwater harvesting facilities, is to be built in London’s Docklands. Residents in the zero-carbon development will be able to grow their own food in community greenhouse and power their TV sets with tree branches.

() (4) Many of England’s most popular universities may risk incurring government penalty this autumn by recruiting more students than they are allowed. Surry University which has seen a 40% increase in applications is considering ignoring a government cap on the number of students it takes in.

() (5) Not all the stars will be dripping with diamonds if campaigners have their way. This year Oscar’s ceremony was supposed to be conflict-free, at least in the jewels department. But the film Blood Diamond, which brought Leonardo Di Caprio a new nomination, gave the industry the perfect excuse to develop a conscience about the true origins of the jewels adorning its actresses. Campaigners protest against the fact that the diamonds are the result of hardworking slavery in the African countries just to shine at the neck, fingers or ears of fancy ladies. It remains to be seen what would happen in the end.

A Rehab hit Marriage

В Universities risk fines

C Sued in London

D Blood and bling at the Oscar’s

E Biggest shoppers

F Equal pay at Wimbledon

G Green estate

H Plane fme

TASK 2

Read the text below. For questions (6-Ю) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

NAMING COLUMBUS’ DISCOVERY

Christopher Columbus never knew why he failed to find Asia. The reason is easy to understand today. Columbus was thousands of miles from Asia. North and South America and the Pacific Ocean lay between him and Asia. He had reached the shores of two continents that Europeans knew nothing about.

One of the firts people to realize that Columbus had not reached Asia was Amerigo Vespucci. Vespucci was an Italian trader who lived in Spain. He had sold Columbus many of the things Columbus needed for his trips across the ocean.

Vespucci talked several Spanish sailors into taking him along on their westward voyages. On these trips, he became more certain that the land they saw was not part of Asia. Many of the plants and animals he saw were unknown in Asia, Europe and Africa. For that reason, he decided this must be a new continent.

Vespucci wrote much about the new continent. Then a German mapmaker made a new map of the world. In it he included the continent Vespicci had described. The mapmaker named it America in honour of Amerigo Vespucci.

As Europeans learned more about America, they found that it was not one continent but two. They named them North and South America.

Why did people keep coming to the two Americas long after everyone knew they were not part of Asia? Some, like Columbus, were looking for a water route through the Americas to Asia. Others were eager to see if the Americas had treasures too.

6 Christopher Columbus never knew...

A why he find Asia.

В why he failed to find Asia.

C mathematics.

D Amerigo Vespucci.

7 Columbus was thousands of miles away from Asia...

A because he wanted to find North and South America.

В so he failed to find any land.

C and he knew that.

D so he did not find the water route he was looking for.

8 Amerigo Vespucci was an Italian trader who...

A asked Columbus to take him on his trips.

В realized Asia lay westward.

C sold things sailors needed for their trips across the ocean.

D knew all the animals and plants he saw in America.

9 Vespucci wrote a lot about the new continent...

A but he was never able to visit it.

В and made a new map of the world.

C and finally called it America.

D and described what he had seen.

10 The new continent was named America because...

A Vespucci knew that the land he saw was not a part of Asia.

В Vespucci was the first to realize that Columbus had not reached Asia.

C Europeans learned more about America.

D the new map of the world made by a German mapmaker included the new continent Vespucci had described.

TASK 3

Read the text. Match each passage (11-16) with the statements (A-H). There are two statements you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

11 Police investigating the murder of a businessman and the disappearance of his family are preparing to examine evidence taken from a remote field where his body was hidden.

A five-day excavation deep in the Devon countryside came to a halt while police continued to hunt two suspects, thought to have fled the country after killing haulage firm boss Amarjit Chohan.

12 A former Special Branch man is being questioned by detectives investigating the leaking of transcripts of telephone conversations between the Prime Minister’s chief of staff and Sinn Fein’s Martin McGuinness. Police files, a computer and disks were also seized when officers raided a house in Northern Ireland.

13 Detectives are stili trying to identify the body of a woman found on fire at a rural beauty spot.

A post mortem examination was being carried out in the hope of shedding light on the mystery A Sussex Police spokesman said it may take some time for a pathologist to say exactly how the woman died.

A four-year-old boy has died in a house fire, police have said.

The youngster’s parents were rescued from the blazing property in Frampton Close, Bransholme, Hull. Neighbours desperately tried to reach the boy but were beaten back by the intense fire and smoke, Humberside Police said.

15 Thousands of protesters took to the streets of Baghdad yesterday demanding US forces quit Iraq. Fearful of looting and enraged at a lack of basic services, the chanting mob carried banners reading ’Leave our country — we want peace’ and ’No Bush — No Saddam. Yes, Yes for Islam’. The huge demo came as it was announced that a Ј400million Iraqi rebuilding contract had been awarded to a multinational with close links to President Bush’s administration.

16 A security guard has died after a bomb in a bag belonging to a man preparing to board a flight to Cairo exploded in Jordan’s international airport.

Officials said the bag exploded at a luggage screening point in the international departures termina: of Queen Alia International Airport in the capital, Amman.

A Mob fury in Baghdad

В Police probe murder field evidence

C Ex-Special Branch man quizzed

D Worker killed in blast at Amman airport

E Boy dies in house blaze

F Police bid to identify burning body

G The Election to the Northern Ireland Assembly

H A valley in the Alps

TASK 4

Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

A MISSING CAT

The owner of a missing cat is asking for help. ’My baby has been missing for over a month now, and I want him back so badly’, said Mrs. Brown, a 56-year-old woman. Mrs. Brown lives by herself in a trailer park near Clovis. She said that Clyde, her 7-year-old cat, didn’t come home for dinner more than a month ago. The next morning he didn’t appear for breakfast either. After Clyde missed (17) _________________, she called the police.

When the policeman asked her (18) _________________, she told him that Clyde had beautiful green eyes, had all his teeth but was missing half of his left ear, and was seven years old and completely white. She then told the officer that Clyde was about a foot high.

A bell went off. ’Is Clyde your child or your pet?’ the officer suspiciously asked. ’Well, he’s my cat, of course’, Mrs. Brown replied. ’Lady, you’re supposed to report missing PERSONS, not missing CATS’, said the irritated policeman. ’Well, who can I report this to?’ she asked. ’You can’t. You have to ask around your neighborhood or put up flyers’, replied the officer.

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