Police of the Russian Federation

The organizational structure, methods and traditions of the police of the Russian Federation as well as the functions and organization of Ministries of Internal Affairs differ from the police of western countries. The departments in western countries are usually civil executive bodies headed by politicians and responsible for many other tasks as well as the supervision of law enforcement.

One unique feature of policing approach in Russia is the system of territorial patronage over citizens. Cities as well as rural settlements are divided into districts and the policeman is the main and actually the real police force in these areas.

The duty of a policeman is to maintain close relations with the residents of his district. He is also responsible for tackling minor offences like family violence, loud noise, residential area parking etc.

Police personnel carry firearms, but are not permitted to carry their weapons when they are off duty. Although women constitute a significant proportion of police staff, they are usually not permitted to fill positions that carry risks but they are allowed to carry firearms in self-defence. Instead, they are widely represented among investigators, juvenile crime inspectors, clerks etc. However, limited attempts are being made to appoint women as traffic officers.

Another unique feature is the use of conscripted soldiers from the Internal Troops for regular urban policing. The Internal Troops are the military force who can be assigned to carry out simple public security tasks like patrolling while being accompanied by professional policemen, or cordoning large crowds at sport events, concerts and protests.

On 1 March 2011 Russian law enforcers were renamed from militia to police. Russian police reform is an ongoing effort to improve the efficiency of Russia’s police forces and improve the public image of law enforcement.

4.Прочитайте текст еще раз и выразите согласие/несогласие со следующими утверждениями.

1. The function and organization of the police in Russia and other countries is the same.

2. Police personnel are not permitted to carry their weapons when they are off duty

3. Conscripted soldiers are never assigned to carry out simple public security tasks.

4. The aim of the reform was only to improve the image of the police.

Переведите текст на русский язык. Составьте краткий план уголовного расследования.

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