Article 2. Relations Regulated by Civil legislation

1. Civil legislation determines the legal status of participants in civil law relations, the grounds for the creation and procedure for the exercise of the rights of ownership and other rights in rem, rights to the result of intellectual activities and similar forms of individualized creativity (intellectual rights) regulates contractual and other obligations, as well as other property and related personal (nonmaterial) relations, based on equality, autonomy of will and proprietary independence of their participants.

Citizens (physical persons) and legal persons are the participants in relations regulated by civil legislation. The Russian Federation, subjects of Russian Federation and municipal formations may also participate in relations which are regulated by civil legislation.

Civil legislation regulates relations between persons engaged in entrepreneurial activities or participating in such activities, based on the fact that entrepreneurial activities are independent activities undertaken at one’s own risk and directed at the systematic making of profit from the use of property, sale of goods, performance of work or provision of services by persons registered in this capacity in accordance with the procedure stipulated by law.

Rules established by civil legislation are applicable to relations involving the participation of foreign citizens, stateless persons and foreign legal persons, unless otherwise provided by federal law.

2. Inalienable human rights and freedoms and other nonmaterial values are protected by civil legislation, unless otherwise indicated by the nature of these nonmaterial values.

3. Civil legislation is not applicable to property relations based on administrative or other governmental subordination of one party to another, including tax and other administrative relations, unless otherwise provided by legislation.

3. В тексте “Chapter 1. Civil Legislation” найдите соответствия следующим словам и словосочетаниям.

1. inviolability of property

2. restoration of violated rights

3. to contradict legislation

4. legal status of participants

5. entrepreneurial activities

6. making of profit

7. stateless persons

8. inalienable human rights and freedoms

9. tax and other administrative relations

10. proprietary independence

11. foundations of constitutional order

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