Exercise 22 Compare the pairs of sentences and define the function of participles.

1. The steam locomotive invented by G.Stephenson developed low speed. – When invented, the steam locomotive played an important part in transportation. 2. The first railways built used slow locomotives. – The railway, when built, will shorten the way between two cities. 3. The rails heated by the sun become longer. – Rails become longer when heated. 4. The trains drawn by horses were short and light. – When drawn by electric locomotives, the trains may have more than 90 cars. 5. The radio used for the sorting of trains makes the work of railwaymen much easier. – If used, the electronic computers will make the sorting of trains far more efficient.

Exercise 23 Rewrite the sentences. Each time use the information in brackets to make an - ed clause.

Model: The man was taken to hospital. (he was injured in the accident) – The man injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.

1. The window has now been repaired. (it was broken in the last night’s storm) 2. Most of the suggestions were not very practical. (they were made at the conference) 3. The paintings haven’t been found yet. (they were stolen from the museum) 4. Did you hear about Bob’s car? (it was damaged badly this morning in the car crash)

Exercise 24 Choose the necessary form of the Participle.

1. We listened to the girl (singing, sung) Russian folk songs. 2. We listened to the Russian folk songs (singing, sung) by the girl. 3. The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my sister. 4. The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean. 5. Who is that boy (doing, done) his homework at the table? 6. The exercises (doing, done) by the pupils were easy. 7. The house (surrounding, surrounded) by high trees is very beautiful. 8. The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very high. 9. The girl (writing, written) on the blackboard is our best pupil. 10. Everything (writing, written) here is quite right. 11. Read the (translated, translating) sentences once more. 12. I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor. 13. Do you know the girl (playing, played) in the garden? 14. The (losing, lost) book was found at last. 15. Look at the beautiful flowers (gathering, gathered) by the children.

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