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КАТЕГОРИИ:






CHARACTER AND APPEARANCE




NATIONAL STEREOTYPES

 

Learn these words:

deceptive обманчивый broad-shouldered широкоплечий
strong-willed волевой petty жалкий
weak-willed слабовольный coward трус
mediocrity посредственность poor build плохого телосложения
fragile хрупкий courage мужество
ingenuity изобретательность complexion цвет лица
constitution телосложение thrifty экономный
greedy жадный lavish щедрый
open-handed великодушный spendthrift транжира
dimples ямочки rude грубый
simpleton простак harsh неприятный/грубый
wilful упрямый capricious капризный
skinny худой pointed chin острый подбородок
mole родинка hooked nose крючковатый нос
cruel жестокий cunning хитрый
generalization обобщение to “pigeon-hole” анализировать
cling tenaciously цепляться за предубеждения “square” консервативный
withdrawn замкнутый superficial поверхностный
hedonistic гедонистический hidebound ограниченный
insular замкнутый superior самодовольный
reserved сдержанный suspicious подозрительный
lousy отвратительный diligent старательный

Text A:

Pre-text activity 1:

Do you think it is worth judging by appearances? Give your reasons.

1. Read and translate the text:

Appearances are deceptive. It is a common truth; practically everyone has met at least someone whosecharacter and appearance differ radically.

When one sees atall,broad-shouldered youth, one expects him to bestrong-willed and brave. One thinks: “Amodel to follow!” How often agood-looking individual turns out to bepetty, weak-willed orevencowardly. Then one thinks: “Amediocrity”.

At the same time everyone knows that a lot of great people were of a poor build: short and fragile. It did not stop them fromdisplaying intelligence andcourage. Ingenuity does not depend on one's complexion or constitution.

Plump or fat people create an impression of generous and kind personalities. Strangely enough, not rarely they may be thrifty or even greedy. One usually thinks: “A scrooge!”

On the other hand, thin or slim nervous ladies often tend to be lavish. They like to buy and never think twice when they pay. One thinks: “I would call her open-handed and Mother would call her a spendthrift”. Yes, mothers are always stricter in judgements.

Has it ever happened to you that you come to an important office and see an important boss? You immediatelyevaluate his looks: “Round-faced, small narrow eyes,dimples on the cheeks and anupturned nose. What akind-hearted person! A simpleton!”You tell the boss of your troubles and expect immediate help. But the boss appears to berude, harsh andwilful. You never get your help and think: “Astoneheart and aniron fist”.

When someone sees a delicately built pretty blonde with curly hair, blue eyes, a straight nose and a high forehead, one is inclined to think that the beauty is intelligent and nice. It may be disappointing to think later “What a stupid, capricious, impolite bore"

On the contrary, when one sees askinny brunette withugly irregular features a hooked nose, pointed chin, close-set eyes and thin lips, strange thoughts come to one's head; because it is theimage of evil people cruel andcunning. It may be a relief some time later to find her aclever, gentle andgood-mannered lady and think: “Whatcharm! A heart of gold!”

Another general misconception lies in the fact that children are always expected toresemble their parents. And parents like it when childrentake after them. Relatives like to comparemoles, theshape of noses, etc. The greatest compliment is: They are as like as two peas”. The greatest disappointment is tofind nothing in common. We want to deny people theirexclusiveness. We don't want to admit that nature has selected other options from an enormousgenetic funddeveloped over generations. Why do we like ourcopies? Who knows!

Nature likes to play tricks on us. But don't you think it is a present on the part of nature? Life becomes not a boring routine, but a brilliant kaleidoscope of characters and appearances which often clash.

2. Discuss the following questions:

1. Do you agree that appearances are deceptive? Tell your classmates about your own experience.

2. Does character influence people’s appearance?

3. Do you think that good looks can help people in their life?

4. Do you think people should improve their appearance or is it better to leave it as it is?

5. Why do you think lots of people don’t give up their bad habits (smoking, drinking alcohol, overeating) in spite of the fact they affect their appearance?

6. How do you choose your friends? What influences in your choice?

3. Match the words with their definitions:

1. bad-tempered 1) you always arrive on time.

2. determined 2) you are always happy.

3. lazy 3) you do what you say you will do.

4. reliable 4) you say exactly what you think.

5.cheerful 5) you don’t think about the needs of others.

6. frank 6) you have a strong wish to get what you want.

7. mean 7) you are unkind, or not willing to spend money.

8. selfish 8) you easily become angry with others.

9.considerate 9) you tell the truth and obey the law.

10. honest 10) you understand the feelings of others.

11.punctual 11) you try to avoid work if you can.

12. sympathetic 12) you think of the needs of others.

13. absent-minded 13) like to say how good they are at something.

14. adventures 14) have strong feelings and are easily moved by things.

15. amusing 15) are rude and disrespectful, especially towards people like parents and teachers.

16. bashful 16) are always trying to control others without worrying or caring about how they feel.

17. boastful 17) deliberately try to hurt or harm others.

18. bright 18) are very forgetful because they are too busy thinking about other things.

19. calm 19) are sure of themselves and their abilities.

20. cheeky 20) are easily tricked and tend to believe everything they are told.

21. conceited 21) are very clever and learn things very quickly.

22. confident 22) hate having to wait for things and are not tolerant of other’s people’s weaknesses.

23. creative 23) are very interested and excited about something and this shows in the way they talk or behave.

24. domineering 24) are daring and always ready to take risks.

25. down-to-earth 25) are always friendly and welcoming towards guests.

26. emotional 26) don’t get excited or nervous about things.

27. enthusiastic 27) find it hard to accept or understand new or different ideas.

28. gullible 28) are very funny and make you laugh.

29. hospitable 29) are very practical and honest.

30. impatient 30) have a very high opinion of themselves.

31. malicious 31) find it easy to produce new and original ideas and things.

32. narrow-minded 32) are shy and feel uncomfortable in social situations.

4. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

Jack’s real character

How easy is it to understand another person’s character?

My friend Jack, was once a rather (1)…. person. He was ANNOY

always getting into trouble at school because he was so (2)….. OBEY

In class he was very (3)… and never stopped making TALK

jokes. The teachers all told him he was very (4)…because POLITE

he interrupted them. When I met him he was very (5) … FRIEND

and didn’t want to talk to me at all. People told me that he

stole things, and that he was (6) …. His school work HONEST

was terrible. He didn’t take any (7) … in his writing, he PROUD

never spent enough time doing his homework, and he

was not at all (8)….. One day he saw a gang of boys CONSCIENCE

attacking an old man. Jack hated (9)… and he fought VIOLENT

them all until they run away. He was awarded a medal

for (10) …... After that, people changed their minds about him. BRAVE

6. Develop the following situations making up dialogues:

1. Imagine a friend of yours is flying to London to stay with your English friends.

They will be meeting him/her at the airport. To recognize him/her they need a description of your friend. They ask you questions about his/her appearance, what sort of clothes he/she usually wears and about your friend’s character to know if they will get on together.

2. Your friend asks you to describe an ideal man or woman (appearance, personality).

Text B.

Pre-text activity 2:

1. People often say such things as “Italians are good lovers’ or “Englishmen are cold-blooded”. What other generalizations of this nature can you think of?

2. Do these generalizations serve any useful purpose? If so, what?

1. Read and translate the text:






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