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Figure -. 1- General description of process of absorption
The technological scheme of process of stabilization of oil is provided by hot separation and single condensation of wide gas fraction on fig. 40. Crude oil I the pump 1 moves in the heat exchanger 3 and, having passed the block of dehydration and an salting process 4, arrives on stabilization. At the same time the dehydrated and desalinated oil heats up in a steam heater 5 to temperature of 80 — 120 °C and is exposed to single evaporation in a separator 6 with a pressure of 0,15 — 0,25 MPas where from her wide gas fraction separates. From below a separator 6 stable oil III which is pumped over by the pump 7 via the heat exchanger 3 where gives to warmly crude oil is removed, and the Wide gas fraction IV separated from oil and gas goes to the tank of the 2nd stable oil.
Nozzle absorber
Nozzle columns - the most widespread type of an absorber. Their benefit is simplicity of the device, a possibility of work with hostile environment (as protection against corrosion only of the case of a column and lattices supporting a nozzle is required. The nozzle (fig. 2) is made usually of corrosion-resistant material (ceramics, porcelain, glass). Other benefit of nozzle columns - lower, than in bubbling absorbers hydraulic resistance.
Fig. 2. Nozzle absorbers: a) with a continuous layer of a nozzle; b) with section loading of a nozzle: 1 - cases; 2 - liquid distributors; 3 - nozzle; 4 - basic lattices; 5 - liquid redistributors
Nozzle columns are a little suitable for work with the polluted liquids and in case of a low density of irrigation. Besides, in nozzle columns heat removal, the gas which is emitted in case of absorption is complicated. For stable work of a nozzle column it is necessary to provide uniform distribution of liquid on section, by means of sprinklers (fig. 3 and fig.4).
Fig. 3. Types of nozzles: and - a nozzle from rings of Rashiga (1 - a separate ring; 2 - rings in bulk; 3 - regular nozzle); - a shaped nozzle (1 - Pall's rings; 2 - saddle nozzle; 3 - rings with crosswise partitions; 4 - ceramic blocks; 5 - nozzles, twisted from a wire, 6 - rings with internal spirals; 7 - propeller nozzle; 8 - wooden chordate nozzle)
| Figure 4. Sprinklers: a) - c) - distributive plates: a) - with the flooded openings; b) - with the flooded openings and gas branch pipes; c) - with free discharge (1 - a lattice; 2 - branch pipes for liquid; 3 - branch pipes for gas); d) - distributive trenches; e) - bryzgalka (1 - cylindrical; 2 - semi-spherical; 3 - slot-hole); e) - a sprinkler like segnerov of a wheel (1 - the rotating perforated pipe; 2 - thrust bearing); g), h) - the spraying sprinklers: g) - dish-shaped sprayers (1 - with a plate with boards; 2 - with a plate without boards; 3 - multidish-shaped); h) - centrifugal (1 - the drive; 2 - distributive cone; 3 - sprayer) |
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