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Методические подходы к анализу финансового состояния предприятия

Проблема периодизации русской литературы ХХ века. Краткая характеристика второй половины ХХ века

Ценовые и неценовые факторы

Характеристика шлифовальных кругов и ее маркировка

Служебные части речи. Предлог. Союз. Частицы

КАТЕГОРИИ:






Put 10 questions to the dialogue.




Find the following phrases, word combination or idioms in the dialogue. Translate them into your native language. Make up a sentence with every phrase.

A dog’s life I’m leading a dog’s life – all work and worry and no fun at all.
Proud of Andy is very proud of his two sons.  
Take pride in Good workmen take pride in their work.
In charge of Ask Mr. Jenkins. He’s in charge of this project.
Tell off The boss told Bill off for working so slowly.

Listen to the dialogue again and “shadow” the speakers.

Put 10 questions to the dialogue.


 
 
  An Invitation Letter An invitation letter serves the purpose of inviting a guest to a party, an event or a celebration while conveying more information than a traditional invitations card. It serves two purposes; one, to invite the individual to the event and two, to ensure that the person receiving the letter is going to attend. There are two tenses used within the invitation letter, the present and the future. The present tense conveys information about the event and the future tense ensures the guest is going to attend. Business Invitation Letter An invitation letter is a formal way to invite peers and clients to events which are being hosted by the company and are one of the most popular ways of inviting guests to functions. The professional invitation should be written in a formal tone, even when being sent to friends and family members, if the letter is also being sent to professional contacts. The introduction allows the host and sender to introduce themselves, as well as the organization in which they have chosen to represent. A simple background of the individual or company will suffice in this section of the letter. Next, in the body of the letter it is important to outline all of the information about the event. The date and time should be included as well as the theme and purpose for the event. At this point, a date should be mentioned in which guests should provide their reply by, and it may also contain any information regarding special roles played at the event, attire and items required for the guest to bring. Be sure to mention any specifications about dress code in the invitation letter. Next, in one sentence, the appreciation for the guest to attend the party should be shown. This can be completed with a formal note, stating that you look forward to seeing the individual at the event. Remember, this needs to keep in tone with the rest of the letter. The conclusion should contain the sign off and a line that
II. Listening test You will hear people talking in ten different situations. For questions 1-10 choose the best answer A, B or C. You will hear each piece twice.   1. You hear someone talking on a public telephone. Who is she talking to? A her employer B another employee C a doctor   2. You hear part of a radio news report. Where is the reporter? A in a conference hall B outside a building C in a hotel   3. You hear someone on the radio describing her career. How does she feel? A content B frustrated C jealous   4. You hear part of a radio report. Who is speaking? A a policeman B a motoring expert C a car driver   5. You hear someone being interviewed on the radio. Who is the speaker? A a composer B an actor C a film director   6. You hear a radio interviewer introducing a guest. Who is the guest? A a scientist


 
 
4682 Farrow Parkway Chicago, IL 60621 June 20, 2007   Jack Copeland Dean, Academic Division Chicago College University 1323 E. 84th St., 5th floor Chicago, IL 60621   Dear Mr. Copeland, I am a senior Philosophy major who took PH401 Advanced Metaphysics class under Prof. Vanleer, and I am writing to you to appeal a retake for the final comprehensive oral exam that was given on June 18, 2007. I feel that Mr. Vanleer did not give my situation the proper respect and understanding that it truly deserved. On June 8, 2007 at 10:37 A.M., I was struck by a sedan going 65 mph on my way to the university. I survived the accident but fractured the bones in my legs and hips. I have enclosed the medical documents detailing my stay at St. Francis Hospital along with this letter. Because of this setback, I had to reschedule all my exams for the following week (June 18-22, 2007) and move to the week after that (June 25-29) to allow for me to recover. I had my classmate Tom Saunders send the necessary letters to all of my professors requesting to postpone the date of my final exams by a week. All of them agreed except for Prof. Vanleer, who did not send any reply at all. The doctors said that it would take me at least two weeks to properly recover, and even if I did prepare for my exams for Prof. Vanleer, I would not be able to produce the expected output considering my debilitated condition. I feel that the situation is not warranted because I never got a grade lower than a B or (80-85) on his exams. Therefore, the risk of me failing the course and being prevented from graduating because of not being able to take his final exams due to an unavoidable circumstance is unacceptable. The handbook states in Article III, Section II that “Students who have medical emergencies prior to a particular exam will be given the option to reschedule that exam.” The medical situation which prevented me from taking the final at the scheduled time was beyond my control. I would ask you to grant me another opportunity to take the final exam. I look forward to meeting with you to discuss this matter. Feel free to call me with any questions at 555-555-5555. I appreciate the time that you have taken to read my appeal. Sincerely,
B a businessman C an inventor   7. You hear a caller on a radio phone-in programme. What feeling does the caller express? A sympathy B self-pity C envy   8. You hear a part of a radio interview. Who is being interviewed? A a customer at a shop B the manager of a shop C someone who lives near a shop   9. You hear someone talking about a job interview. How does she feel? A she is looking forward to the interview B she is confident of being offered the job C she is not very interested in the job   10. You receive a telephone call. Who is phoning? A a representative of a telephone company B a local journalist C a telephone repair engineer   Read Text 2. The 10 highest and lowest paid jobs The 10 best-paid and worst-paid jobs were identified by the Office for National Statistics recently. And there are a few surprises. The main point is that the ONS only considered basic salary, not bonuses, so those at the top of the tree who would expect a bonus five times their basic wage have their place a bit skewed. But still, it's fascinating reading. The survey shows that the average salary for a full-time employees went up 2.6% to £25,800 in 2009. Highest paid


 
 
Sample Letter of Appeal
1. Directors and chief executives of major organisations. Average annual salary: £115,576 Job titles include: Chief executive, company director, general manager, managing director (of major organisations). 2. Medical practitioners Average annual salary: £78,366 Job titles include: Anaesthetist, doctor, hospital consultant, GP, physician, psychiatrist, psycho-analyst, registrar, surgeon. 3. Senior officials in national government Average annual salary: £68,283 Job titles include: Assistant secretary, diplomat, MEP, MP, permanent secretary. 4. Brokers Average annual salary: £61,117 Job titles include: Commodity trader, financial broker, foreign exchange dealer, insurance broker, shipbroker, stockbroker. 5. Air traffic controllers Average annual salary: £60,548 Job titles include: Air traffic controller, controller of aircraft, flight planner, ground movement controller. 6. Financial managers and chartered secretaries Average annual salary: £58,295 Job titles include: Company registrar, company treasurer, credit manager, finance manager, financial director, merchant banker. 7. Senior officials in local government Average annual salary: £55,921 Job titles include: Chief executive of local government, town clerk. 8. Police officers (inspectors and above) Average annual salary: £53,937 Job titles include: Assistant chief constable, chief constable, chief inspector, chief superintendent, deputy chief constable. 9. IT strategy and planning professionals Average annual salary: £50,143 Job titles include: Computer consultant, software consultant. 10. Solicitors and lawyers, judges and coroners Average annual salary: £48,908 Job titles include: Articled clerk, barrister, coroner, judge, solicitor.


 
 
  Letters of Appeal In cases where unfair treatment was committed, a letter of appeal can help to rectify the situation. An appeal letter allows you to state your side of the story using facts to support your cause to convince the reader(s) to reconsider your case. The letter should be written in the business letter format.   Appeal letter writing The first paragraph should introduce yourself and explain why you are writing the letter. Although it may be difficult, be sure to keep your tone and emotions in check so that you can show that you can present an objective viewpoint. Keep the first paragraph as concise and clear as possible so that the reader can immediately understand its urgency. The next paragraph(s) should narrate the account of what happened, and why your appeal should be granted. Include all the necessary facts in order to legitimize your case. You can start by referring to your handbook or guidelines as member of that particular group or institution. Also, provide specific times and date when particular events occurred. To make your letter more reader-friendly, use bullet-points every time you need to enumerate. After doing this, refer to testimonials from people related to your work, transcript of records, and medical certificate, if necessary. Be certain to cover all the bases necessary to The last part should summarize everything you have stated above. Repeat the necessary points that need to be elucidated. Also include the contact details and where you can be reached. Close out the letter by thanking the reader for their time.
Lowest paid 1. Waiters and waitresses Average annual salary: £11,930 2. Bar staff Average annual salary: £11,930 3. Kitchen and catering assistants Average annual salary: £12,410 Job titles include: Canteen assistant, catering assistant, counterhand, dining room assistant, kitchen assistant, kitchen porter, washer-up. 4. Travel and tour guides Average annual salary: £12,561 Job titles include: Coach guide, courier for tour operator, escort, guide 5. Launderers, dry cleaners, pressers Average annual salary: £12,657 Job titles include: Carpet cleaner, dry cleaner, garment presser, laundry worker. 6. Retail cashiers and check-out operators Average annual salary: £12,736 Job titles include: Cashier, check-out operator, forecourt attendant, petrol pump attendant, restaurant cashier. 7. Leisure and theme park attendants Average annual salary: £12,767 Job titles include: Arcade attendant, fairground worker, funfair attendant, usher/usherette. 8. Hairdressers and related occupations Average annual salary: £13,194 Job titles include: Barber, beautician, hairdresser, make-up artist, manicurist, slimming consultant, barber. 9. Cleaners, domestics Average annual salary: £13,807 Job titles include: Car valeter, chambermaid, cleaner, domestic cleaner. 10. Nursery Nurses Average annual salary: £13,872


 
 
421 Liberty St. Kenyon, MN 55021 June 7, 2007 DTI 111 Riverfront Ste 325 PO Box - Box 157 Wabasha, MN 55946 Attention: Jen Carlson Dear Ms. Carlson, Your recent advertisement in the Herald made it clear that customer satisfaction is an integral part of DTI. In addition, my close friend, Paula Chavez who is in your employ, suggested that my special talents might benefit your customer service department. Part of my success is because I place a high value on personal integrity and represent both my employer and myself in an ethical and respectable manner. Added to my diligence in paying close attention to detail, as a representative of your company I would bring focus not only to the value of your services, but also to quality customer service and the ease of doing business with DTI. Furthermore, I am a hard, smart-working, self-starter who works equally well in a team environment or individually. I will call you on June 15 to answer any questions about this letter or my resume in the hope of scheduling an interview. If you prefer, please contact me by phone (555) 454-1307 or e-mail, ljones@nowhere.com. Thank you for your time in considering my qualifications. Sincerely, Signature Linda Jones

 

Job titles include: Creche assistant, nursery assistant, nursery nurse   *Make a list of the best- and the worst-paid jobs in Ukraine. Do they differ much from those in the UK? How can you account for the difference?   Read and translate Text 3. Jobs that are dangerous It was reported that the most dangerous jobs include wood cutters, fishermen, drivers, pilots, and even vending machine attendants. It is however reported that in China coal miners have the most dangerous jobs. The industry has as more than 29 times the fatality rate than in South African coal mines and at least 99 times more than in the USA. The most dangerous jobs aren’t always well-paid. If you are a convenience shop cashier, you might be surprised to learn how many cashiers are shot every year. As a policeman or a security guard, you expect danger and even though the fatality rate is high, it provides some form of excitement, although the pay is low. As a taxi driver you wouldn't expect to be killed by your passengers, but if you think about it, you are picking up strangers without doing a background check. Most First World countries have regulations regarding the safety of construction personnel, although this doesn't help much if you are dangling from a 5 storey building. Many workers in the building industry fall to their death while others are hit by moving objects such as beams or pipes. Electricians face electrocution every day, but only a small number actually die on the job. Employees that work with heavy machinery have the risk of loosing limbs. It seems that almost any type of job can be dangerous, although only a few are high paid as well. You expect high risk when you are a pilot or rescue worker, but excitement and in some cases, earnings potential makes up for the danger. The location can also constitute danger. Countries like Angola, Colombia, Siberia and some of the Middle Eastern countries are high risk areas. Foreigners receive excellent wages for


 
 
    Sample Letter of Interest
doing jobs in these areas. The country that commissioned the job normally provides extra incentives for their workers if they have to go to these areas. Most people do these dangerous jobs because of the payment, risk, or glamour involved. Some really enjoy the work while others feel that they have a social responsibility. If you're looking for some adventure then consider one of these jobs. Oil well fire control The job requires long hours in extreme heat. Workers have to control oil blowouts and fires. You have to be quick and safety conscious since your life and those of fellow workers depend on it. The basic requirement is drilling experience and the ability to work in a team. Companies pay a lot to get the wells capped. Cycle courier Cycle couriers earn around a day in busy cities like New York. You must be fit, an excellent navigator and have a cycle, medical aid and safety clothing. Guardian The job is not too dangerous and has some glamour to it. You protect famous persons, their children, politicians and businessmen. Most bodyguards work for businessmen. A security or police background may come in handy. Another type of guardian is the money guard. It entails protecting cash in transit and is one of the most dangerous jobs since the robbers are normally armed. Debt collector and bounty finder This type of job includes finding people who jumped bail and finding people who haven't paid their debt. You will need a license. You can expect around 30% of the bounty when you find the so-called criminal. Don't be fooled, these people are not easy to find and you are not allowed to shoot at them. If you collect debt you also get a percentage of the amount. Taxi driver Immigrants to the USA make up the bulk of the taxi workforce. They work for themselves with no benefits. You will however meet a lot of people and work flexi hours. You need a driver's license, some communication skills, and be able to find


 
 
  1. background of the company and familiarize yourself with their products and/or services.
  2. Be sure to find out the name of the individual who does the hiring. Address your letter to his/her attention and use her/his name in the salutation. “To Whom It May Concern” and “Dear Sir or Madam” are both outdated and considered to be lazy or even rude.
  3. Start your introductory paragraph with the reason you are interested in pursuing employment with this company. Try not to start the first sentence with “I”. (See sample letter of interest.) Also, explain what prompted your inquiry, such as a classified advertisement, a media article or interview, or a referral from an employee.
  4. In the next paragraph(s), give specific examples of your qualifications. Don’t hesitate to indicate the reasons why you would be an asset to the company. Illustrate your skills, strengths, and achievements in a professional, yet personable way. Stay away from strings of abbreviated credentials. These, if you have them, should be on the resume you’ll enclose with the letter. Direct the reader to your resume and any other enclosures.
  5. In your final paragraph, thank the individual for his/her time in considering you as a new employee. Indicate a precise time when you will contact him/her by phone to follow up on your letter. Also, be sure to let the individual know how to contact you.
  6. Keep your letter short, no more than a single page. Remember to check it thoroughly for errors in spelling, grammar and to be sure it addresses each point you wanted to make.
   
your way around cities. Many taxi drivers are murdered and robbed. In some countries like South Africa, you may get killed for picking up passengers in a rival area. Bomb specialist If you enjoy blowing things up or diffusing volatile situations, then you may consider working as and explosives specialist or bomb diffuser. This includes the imploding of buildings. This type of demolition requires expert knowledge on explosives. If you follow procedures you will be safe. This however is not always the case when a bomb has to be diffused. The risk is high and one mistake can cause your death. The pay is average in both cases. Firefighter People respect firefighters due to nature of the work. It also includes rescuing people from car wreckages and dangerous places. Police officer The police officer face hardened criminals, domestic violence, prostitution, corruption, homicides and high speed chases. Many lose their lives or are injured on the job. Fisherman Fishermen face stormy seas and unreliable equipment. Many lose their lives by falling overboard or drowning. Fishermen in Alaska dive in ice cold water to catch crabs and as a result many of them perish in the icy waters. Timber logger It is one of the most dangerous jobs with a high mortality rate. Injuries and death occur because of trees that fall over and faulty equipment. * What other dangerous jobs can you name? * Role-play. Make up and dramatize the dialogue between a guardian and a fisherman arguing whose job is the most dangerous. * Role-play. Make up and dramatize the dialogue between parents and a son who wants to become a firefighter. However, his parents are against it.


 
 
Sample Apology Letter (Personal)
68 Pine Zaggat Lane Hampervile, NE 25385 January 5, 2005


Dear Jolene,

I am sorry about forgetting about our lunch date. It was completely my fault; I was so busy at work that it must have slipped my mind. How about I treat you to lunch next Wednesday, at the new Italian restaurant Julie's at 12:30PM? I have marked this date in my planner so I will not forget about it. I'd just like to apologize again for missing the lunch date.

 

Your Friend, Signature

 

 

Letter of Interest

The letter of interest is also called a “prospecting letter” and with good reason. It’s a type of cover letter you write when you’re searching for a golden job opportunity. The letter of interest is your first chance to make a good impression on a prospective employer.

Letters of interest are written to express your interest in working for a particular company in a specific field. Your letter may be written either in response to a job opening or just to investigate possible employment.

Human resource departments receive dozens of letters of interest each week. However, make your letter stand out from the crowd using the following tips:

Before you write, do your homework. Research the
Career Interest Inventory Circle the letter of each statement that best describes you. Circle as many as you wish but try to limit your choices to the statements you feel most strongly about. A. I enjoy team sports. B. Crossword puzzles fascinate me. C. I offer advice when others seek it. D. I enjoy talking on the phone. E. I doodle in my note books. F. I am curious about everything. A. I enjoy working with my hands. B. I am always making lists. C. I’d rather earn money on my own than work for someone else. D. I take satisfaction from helping others. E. I enjoy using my imagination. F. I do well in science. A. I am handy with tools. B. I keep my room neat. C. I’d rather work with a group than by myself. D. I’m not shy about expressing my opinions. E. I like to keep up with the latest fashions. F. I like to page through the encyclopedia. A. I’d rather be outdoors than indoors. B. Math is my best subject. C. I’d rather be in a play than watch one. D. I ask the advice of others in solving problems. E. I always make my own decisions. F. I find nature interesting. A. I enjoy having pets. B. My handwriting is neat and clear. C. I’d enjoy a career in politics.


 
 
5868 Maple Wood Street Fairfield, PA 37626 November 29, 2004 Mr. Joseph Bicman 358 Noncook Road John's Town, PA 57323 Dear Mr. Bicman, I apologize for the mix-up of order №: 26429782. We have just implemented a new packaging system that still has a few bugs to be worked out, but we did fix your order and sent it out this morning. For your trouble, we have enclosed a $25 gift certificate which can be used at any of our stores. Once again I would like to apologize for the mix-up in your order and any inconveniences this may have caused you. Sincerely, Signature Scott Mahoney Customer Service Manager

 

D. I keep a diary. E. I prefer working by myself. F. I take things apart to see how they work. Enter the number of A’s, B’s, C’s, etc. you have circled on the lines below. A’s______ B’s______ C’s______ D’s_______ E’s______ F’s_______ If you have a score of four or more next to any one letter, you may wish to explore careers similar to those listed below. If you did not score four in any category, your interests are still developing. Group A.You may be handy with tools. Perhaps you enjoy gardening. Maybe you recently built a bookcase or designed a cabinet for your stereo equipment. With this sort of talent, there are many occupations to explore. You might want to take a closer look at jobs like these that involve working with your hands: farmer, forester, mechanic, veterinarian, pilot, coach, landscape architect, electrician, carpenter Group B.You may be able to tell others where they left their keys or glasses. Perhaps you find math problems a challenge rather than a chore. You might enjoy playing card games, checkers or chess. With these interests, you may wish to explore careers involving organizational skills and close attention to detail: computer programmer, accountant, librarian, banker, secretary Group C.You may be aware that the ability to motivate people is one of your strong points. Maybe you’re one of the people who’s usually chosen to in charge of a group project. Or perhaps you’re the one who is able to get everyone else on a committee to do his


 
 
Depending on the nature of the letter, it can either be written in the friendly or the business letter format. Friendly / Personal Apology Letter If this is a personal letter you should start the letter by saying that you are sorry to the recipient. Next you should admit your fault and take responsibility for your actions. Next you should volunteer or ask if there is any way that you can help out to resolve the situation. Then you should let the recipient that you will try to make sure that the situation will not happen again. To close off the letter you should apologize again. When writing a personal apology letter it should come from the heart and be sincere. Formal / Business Apology Letter If this is a business letter you should start the letter by saying that you are sorry to the recipient. Next you should give an explanation as to what went wrong. Then you should try to rectify the problem. To close off the letter you should apologize again.   Sample Apology Letter (Business)
or her fair share of the work. With these abilities, chances are that you’d be good at a job that involves persuading, instructing, leading or directing: salesperson, school principal, lawyer, hotel manager, politician, personnel specialist, business owner Group D.You might notice that you frequently volunteer to help on class projects. You may spend a lot of time on the phone talking to friends. Perhaps you enjoy babysitting to earn money or playing team sports for fun. With these interests, you might explore careers working with others: teacher, social worker, doctor, journalist, psychologist, office manager Group E.You may find that you enjoy telling jokes and stories. Perhaps you like to read and sometimes daydream. You might be asked to help a friend pick out clothes or design an original birthday card. With these skills and interests, you may wish to look into careers where creativity and originality are important: actor, artist, writer, fashion designer, musician, architect, photographer Group F.You might notice your ability to fix things, to take things apart to find out how they work. Maybe your curiosity leads you to search for clues to solve problems. You might try to visit new places and try new things. With interests like these, you might want to investigate careers involving analytical skills: scientist, police detective, archaeologist, engineer, market researcher, college professor Do the crossword


 
 
    Down: 2. Worker who repairs machinery; 5. Musician who plays the piano; 7. Expert in sciences; 8. Person who designs machines, planes, etc.; 11. Person who drives a car or a taxi; 12. Person who teaches students; 14. Person who studies; 17. Person who operates planes and ships; 20. Person who works;

Signature Ken Thomas

 

 

Task 1. Imagine that you visited a restaurant last Sunday, but you were not pleased with the service, the quality of food or the prices. Write your letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant.

 

Apology Letter

An apology letter shows that you are sorry and says that you value your relationship with the other party. The sooner an apology letter is written and sent out the better it is for the relationship.

 
 
  Sample Complaint Letter
65 Market Street Val Haven, CT 95135 June 30, 2004 Customer Service Cool Sports, LLC 8423 Green Terrace Road Asterville, WA 65435 Dear Sir or Madam,   I have recently ordered a new pair of soccer cleats (item #6542951) from your website on June 21. I received the order on June 26. Unfortunately, when I opened it I saw that the cleats were used. The cleats had dirt all over it and there was a small tear in front of the part where the left toe would go. My order number is AF26168156. To resolve the problem, I would like you to credit my account for the amount charged for my cleats, I have already went out and bought a new pair of cleats at my local sporting goods store so sending another would result in me having two pairs of the same cleats. Thank you for taking the time to read this letter. I have been a satisfied customer of your company for many years and this is the first time I have encountered a problem. If you need to contact me, you can reach me at (555) 555-5555.   Sincerely, Signature Ken Thomas
21. Person who acts on the stage; 22. Expert in chemistry; 24. Person who practises law; 27. Person, employed in an office, bank, etc. Across: 1. Expert in economics; 3. Person who repairs electrical appliances; 4. Employee in a shop; 6. Person who delivers newspapers & magazines; 9. Person who writes articles for newspapers and magazines; 10. Man who serves customers in a restaurant; 11. Person who treats sick people; 13. Expert in physics; 15. Person who sings; 16. Person who works in a library; 17. Person who writes poetry; 18. Person who paints (buildings); 19. Person who looks after sick people; 20. Person who writes books; 21. Person who designs buildings and flats; 23. Person who cooks food; 25. Expert in history; 26. Expert in mathematics; 28. Woman who runs the home; 29. Expert in fine arts; 30. Expert in biology.     Learn the active vocabulary: A. Looking for a job: It’s not easy to get/find work round these parts. I’ve been offered work/a job in Paris. What do you do for a living? I am in publishing/banking. It’s hard to make a living as a freelance writer. I am self-employed.


 
 
Complaint Letter When writing a complaint letter you want to keep it short and to the point to help ensure that your letter will be read in its entirety, if you write a seven page complaint letter, it's highly unlikely that someone will sit down and read all seven pages. The complaint letter should be addressed to the customer service / consumer affairs department or the head office if there is no customer service department. The address and contact information of the customer service department should be available on the company's products or website.   Complaint letter writing In the first paragraph you should identify what the issue is and any relevant information that you believe is important. Be sure to include the following information if it's applicable to the situation: the date/time of the issue, location, name of person on duty, name of product, what the problem was, your account number, model number, price, warranty information and reference number. Be sure to stick with the facts and avoid putting emotions into your letter. The next paragraph should state what you would like done to resolve the situation. If you received poor service, you could request an apology or a coupon. If a product malfunctioned, you could request that you could exchange the product for a new one or request a refund. The last paragraph should thank the reader for the time. You can also throw in some compliments about something you liked about their company's product or service. You should include your telephone number/e-mail address after your printed name so that they can contact you ASAP if necessary. Be sure to keep a copy of the letter for yourself and include photocopies of any relevant documents and enclose them with your letter.
Look carefully at the job spec. – Уважно ознайомтеся з посадовими обов’язками. I’ve been shortlisted. – Мене відібрали для участі в конкурсі за підсумками первісного відбору. I’m down to the last three! – Я серед трьох основних претендентів. I’m doing work experience. – Я проходжу практику.   B. Everyday work: to do shift work/to work shifts; to be on flexi-time; to work nine-to-five; to be a workaholic; to be promoted; Fancy a coffee break? – Як на рахунок зробити перерву на каву? I'd love to but I'm totally snowed under at the moment. – Я б з радістю, але я зараз просто завалена роботою. I am working like a dog! – Я працюю як кінь! I’d better just press on. – Я краще продовжу працювати. How long until pay day? – Скільки ще днів до зарплати? I’ve done a lot of overtime. – Я відпрацював багато понаднормово.   C. Holiday, retirement, dismissal: to go/be on strike; to get the sack(to be thrown out of your job); to be fired(more formal than ‘get the sack’); to be made redundant (to be thrown out, no longer needed); to be laid off (more formal than ‘made redundant’); to give up work; to be on/take maternity(woman) or paternity(man) leave; to be on/take sick leave; I’m taking a career-break. – Я беру довготривалу відпустку за свій рахунок. He’s taking early retirement. – Він йде на пенсію раніше визначеного терміну.


 
 
Policy. Sincerely yours,   Task 2.Answer the following questions: 1. Which sentences comment on Oksana’s personal qualities? 2. Which sentences provide evidence in support of the referee's evaluation? 3. Which sentences describe the context in which the author of the letter knew Oksana? 4. Which sentence states the purpose of the letter? 5. Which sentences contain the prediction of Oksana's success? 6. What evaluative expressions can you find in the letter?
Today I handed in my resignation. – Сьогодні я подав заяву про звільнення за власним бажанням. D. Collocations with the word ‘job’ to apply for a job; to land a job informal (=get a job); to take a job (=accept a job that you are offered); to hold down a job (=keep a job when this is difficult); to lose a job; to leave/quit a job; to be out of a job (=not have a job); temporary job; permanent job; part-time job; full-time job; steady job (=a job that is likely to continue); job satisfaction (=the enjoyment you get from your job); job security (=how permanent your job is likely to be).   Vocabulary practice 1. Using the expressions from the active vocabulary, say what you think has happened/is happening. Example. I’m not working now: the baby’s due in 3 weeks. She is on maternity leave.
  1. I lost my job. They had to make cutbacks.
  2. He’s enjoying life on a pension, although he is only 58.
  3. One week it’s six-to-two, the next it’s nights.
  4. They’ve made her General Manager as from next month!
  5. I was late so often, I lost my job.
  6. I get in at nine o’clock and go home at five.
  7. Your trouble is you are obsessed with work!
  2. Fill in the phrases from the active vocabulary list:


 
 
October 12,2001   Graduate Program in Environmental Policy International Student Exchange Board   To Whom It May Concern, 1 I am writing to recommend Oksana Malyk for the graduate program in Environmental Policy at a U.S. university. 2Oksana was a student in my Environmental Economics class in 2000, which had about 30 students. 3I also supervised her research work in the second semester of 2000-2001 academic year. 4I had a chance to observe Oksana in different settings, and also to talk to her many times. 5Oksana was one of the three top students I have had in ten years of teaching, possibly the best. 6In my class, she received only the highest grades.7 She was very strong in intellect and very hardworking. 8Oksana was always actively engaged with all of the issues we discussed. 9Her undergraduate background in biology allowed her to contribute to the discussion and to successfully complement her research on environmental issues. I0I was greatly impressed by her study of the impact of ecological factors on economic life of the Southern district of our city, which she did under my supervision. 11Oksana managed to collect a significant amount of data and to interpret them quite professionally. l2The Department of Environmental Economics decided to send Oksana's report on this study, as one of the best and practically important, to the city ecological administration. l3Also, Oksana has an excellent command of English, which, for example, she demonstrated interpreting a guest lecturer from the U.K. who visited my class in April 2001. l4Both in formal and in informal situations, Oksana showed herself to be an intelligent, interested, and responsible person. 15I have no doubt that Oksana will do well in graduate study at a U.S. university. 16Given her performance in my class and research potential she has demonstrated, I am quite sure she will succeed as she pursues a graduate degree in Environmental
I’d love to …… a job in journalism, but it’s not easy without qualifications. Since I have to earn a …… somehow, I’ll have to get …… wherever I can find it. I’ve been ….. some part-time work editing a typescript for a book, but I am not sure I want to …… it …….   3. Fill the gaps with the given words and phrases. The meaning of the missing word or phrase is in brackets. temporary part-time steady quit holding down out of applied for get 1 After all, it was the first _________ job I'd ever had. (regular) 2 But I didn't listen - I thought I would _________ a new job easily. (find) 3 I've always had problems _________ a job. (keeping), 4 so everybody told me not to _________ my job. (leave) 5 or maybe I can find a _________ job. (not permanent) 6 I've _________ over thirty jobs, but with no success. (write to ask for) 7 I've now been _________ a job for over three months. (unemployed) 8 Perhaps I'll just have to accept a _________ job (not full-time)   Now put the sentence parts above into an order that makes sense. 4. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying special attention to the meaning and translation of the italicised words and phrases. Do you enjoy your job? It was the first paid job I ever had. He's been in the job for six years.


 
 
562 Banquest Street Fair Valley, AL 81356 September 28, 2004 To Whom It May Concern It is with great pleasure that I am recommending Rose Berdinger to you. I am the Head Sales Manager at Vacuums Plus and Rose has been under my supervision from November of 2000 to August of 2004 as a saleswoman. Rose would be a great asset to any company. She is one of the brightest employees that I have ever had. She also has a great drive and passion for her work. Rose is such a quick learner. Within her first two weeks at Vacuums Plus she had learned all the product names, their features, and how they work. It normally takes a new employee at least two months to get familiar with all the products that we sell. Rose's drive has led her to great success at Vacuums Plus. She has had the honor of receiving the "Top Sales Person of the Month Award" ten times in her last year at Vacuums Plus, which is a feat that no employee has ever achieved here before. I believe that Rose Berdinger will be an excellent fit for your company. Rose has been nothing short of an exemplary employee. If you have any further questions, feel free to contact me at (555) 555-555 and I'll be happy to answer any questions you have. Sincerely Signature Peter Ziggad Head Sales Manager

Task 1. Read and translate the letter of recommendation.

I'm looking for a new job. Your pension can be affected if you change jobs. I've applied for a job at the university. Well, Miss Taylor, we'd like to offer you the job. Eventually, Mary got a job as a waitress. I was so desperate that I took the first job that came along. He had never been able to hold down a job. At least there's no danger of you losing your job. Oh Rick, you didn't quit your job, did you? If the project fails, we're all out of a job. It's a temporary job, but I'm hoping it will be made permanent. the pet shop where he had a part-time job I haven't had a steady job since last March. Levels of job satisfaction vary between departments. I didn't see the point of moving my family to London without any job security.   5. Use the words in bold at the end of each of the following sentences to form a word which fits in the blank space. Example. We have received several letters of application for the post of receptionist. Apply
  1. There’s a total of 27 ……… working in this department. Employ
  2. I think we should place an …… in the local newspaper to find a new telephonist. Advertise
  3. I phoned this company to ask for a job this morning but they haven’t got any ………. Vacate
  4. She’s leaving the company. She handed in her ……… this morning. Resign
  5. Are there any chances of …….. within the company? Promote
  6. Have you got any …….. in typing or word processing? Qualify
  7. My boss said she was sorry I was leaving and offered to give me a good …… Refer


 
 
Sample Letter of Recommendation
  1. They’re looking for a new senior secretary to replace the lady who is taking early…….. Retire
  2. We’ve made an ……….. for you to see the personnel manager. Appoint
  3. All your duties and responsibilities in this job are clearly described in the job ……….. Describe
  4. We have regular job ……….. where you can also ask questions. Appraise
  5. We will ask the selected candidate to confirm his ………. of the post as soon as possible. Accept
  6. Complete the passage below about Mr. Pat Guerin, Industrial Relations manager of Guinness Ireland. Use these expressions: This job involved… I reported directly to… I was employed as … I worked … The next position I held was … I was then promoted to … In this role … I’ve worked …   When I first started working in Guinness I was employed as a general worker. For three years ________________ in the bottling plant as a machine operator. _____________ for a period of seven years in the engineering department as a maintenance assistant. This involved working with technically skilled personnel in maintaining plant and equipment. In both jobs _____________ a supervisor. Since then, however, the structure of the company has significantly changed and the supervisor layer no longer exists. General workers now report to a plant manager. ____________ the position of laboratory officer in the quality assurance laboratory. ________________ carrying out a wide range of analyses on all aspects of the brewing process. For the last year ___________ in the personnel department as an Industrial Relations Manager. ___________ I report directly to the Personnel Manager of the


 
 
relationship to the applicant and how long you have known him/her. You should also state your professional position at the company/school and any additional information about yourself that will help build your credibility as a good reference. The second paragraph should focus on building the applicant. It should give an overview of the candidate and his/her strengths and qualities. The next 2 to 3 paragraphs should focus on a single quality followed by an example(s) of how they show that quality. The closing paragraph should reiterate that the applicant would be a good employee/student and add any additional comments that you may want to bring up. You can also write about why you think the employee/student will be a good fit with the company, school, and/or position. Also let the reader know that he/she can contact you if they have any additional questions   Useful Phrases: Writing Recommendation Letters You may use these phrases (in addition to those in the sample letters and in the recommendation given in the following task) when writing letters of reference. I am writing to recommend X for... I am writing to give X the highest possible recommendation for I have been asked to write in support of the application of X for I am delighted to write in support of X's application for... I have known X since... I have known X for a long time, first as a student..., in more recent times as a collaborator. I know X well after working with him/her for more than... years. X has excellent knowledge of... and is especially interested in... X is clearly knowledgeable about the subject of... X has shown great aptitude and enthusiasm for... X is enthusiastic and energetic in his/her approach to... X is an exceedingly strong candidate for...
company.   * Listen to Mr. Guerin and check your answers. * Describe part-time or temporary jobs you’ve done or what you imagine your future job will be like. Use the expressions given above.   7. Complete the text below. Use one word in each gap. doubt, co-workers, benefits, office-politics, promotion, job satisfaction, nine-to-five, sick pay, job security, drawbacks, conclusion.   To be or not to be your own boss It is true that for many people, the idea of being your own boss is appealing. The initial…… are obvious. You no longer need to be governed by ……. working hours and you can plan your working week to accommodate trips to the dentist or afternoons on the beach! You are no longer victim to ….. as you, and you alone, are manning the business and nobody is going to be challenging your ………. to the top job! There are no gossiping ……. to contend with or to distract you from your work, and no endless memos asking you to attend meaningless meetings. Your……… is high because you are choosing your own direction, and your achievements are entirely the result of your own hard work. In addition, business profits are your own to bank or to spend. You decide. However, the…….. are just as obvious. There is no team to support you when things take a turn for the worse, and no colleagues to listen to problems or help with difficult decision-making. There is no contract to guarantee ……., so from month to month you will sink or swim in accordance with your own talents and determination. Lastly, if the stress of working on your own makes you ill, there is no…… to help you through difficult times. In……., being your own boss may have many advantages which offer an individual more freedom of choice. However, without ……, working for yourself requires a great deal of self-


 
 
me to stay longer, but I wanted(9) to see / seeing my parents and my brother, Sang-chul. But she's invited me (10) to go / going back and I'd love (11) to do / to doing that. I'm thinking of (12) go / going next year. Anyway, I'm looking forward to (13) hear / hearing from you very soon. Let me (14) to know / know if you ever want to visit Seoul. My brother and I could take you to a 'norebang' (a singing room). It’s a bit like karaoke! Love to you all, Soon-hee   p.s. Do you like the picture of Sang-chul and me? Letter of Recommendation If you are requested to write a letter of recommendation but think that he/she is a poor employee/student or if you don't know him/her very well it is best if you decline. If you feel that you know the employee/student well it is a good idea to ask for additional information and/or conduct a short interview with him/her so that you'll have solid information to write in your letter Follow the business letter format with the exception of the inside address which you can leave out if it is unknown. Unless the name of the person is given to you, you should address the "To Whom It May Concern:" Also be sure to include your phone number and/or e-mail so the reader can contact you with any questions. Letter of recommendation writing The first paragraph should start out by stating your
discipline and self-reliance. Personally, I would prefer the support and security of working for a company.   8. Translate the sentences into English: 1. - Як ти заробляєш на життя? – Я займаюся видавництвом. Але я взяв довготривалу відпустку за свій рахунок і зараз працюю на себе. 2. Мій дядько працює в банку вже 5 років. Він є справжнім трудоголіком. Ніколи на робить перерви на каву і часто працює понаднормово. Колеги кажуть, він працює як кінь! 3. Якщо жінка бере відпустку по догляду за дитиною, вона не може бути скорочена з роботи. 4. – Привітай мене! Я в числі трьох основних претендентів. Сподіваюся незабаром я вже проходитиму практику в Вашій компанії. 5. Він так хотів отримати цю роботу, що відмовився йти на пенсію достроково. Він отримує справжнє задоволення від своєї роботи. 6. – Чому ти не на роботі? Тебе звільнили чи ти на лікарняному? – Ні, я працюю по змінах. 7. – Я така змучена! Я просто завалена роботою! Якщо далі так піде, то я подам заяву на звільнення за власним бажанням. – І ти не боїшся втратити роботу? Зараз так важко її знайти в наших місцях. 8. – Міс Джонс, Ви вже ознайомилися з посадовими обов’язками? – Так і в мене є одне питання: скільки днів лишилося до зарплати? – Ви щойно отримали роботу, а вже ставите такі питання. Думаю, Вам буде важко втримати її. 9. Вчора мені запропонували роботу в Парижі. Це моя перша оплачувана робота. Я вилітаю до Парижу завтра. – На твоєму місці я б так не поспішав. Вони дають гарантію зайнятості? LISTENING You will hear part of a radio programme about people’s jobs. For


 
 
I really appreciate that you took so much time to acquaint me with the company. It is no wonder that California Investments retains its employees for so long. I feel I could learn a great deal from you and would certainly enjoy working with you. Thank you for taking the time to discuss the insurance broker position at California Investments, Inc., with me. I look forward, Mr. Weatherby, to hearing from you concerning your hiring decision. Again, thank you for your time and consideration. With the countless demands on your time, I am sure that you require people who can be trusted to carry out their responsibilities with minimal supervision. John Oakley Sincerely,     Task 2.Soon-hee has returned home to Seoul. Read her letter and choose the correct verb form. Seou! December 15 Dear Sandy and family, I just wanted (1) to say / saying thank you for (2) to have / having me as your guest in your beautiful home. I had a great time. I really enjoyed (3) meeting / to meet your friends. You all made me (4) feel / to feel so welcome. You know how much I missed my family at first, but you were so kind that I soon stopped (5) to feel / feeling homesick. I can't find the words to tell you how grateful I am. I'd like (6) to call / calling you. What's a good time to call? You know that on my way home I stopped (7) to visit / visiting my aunt in Perth. It was so hot! It was over 35 degrees all the time but I absolutely loved it. My aunt wanted (8) that I stay /
questions 1-7 choose the best answer A, B or C.   1. Nick decided to work in his present job A when he started his tourismcourse B because he didn't enjoy being an accountant C while he was still doing a course 2. To get a job as a Tour Leader with High Adventure Holidays, you have to A have experience of travel B be good at dealing with people C know a lot about other countries 3. We are told that, when leading a tour, Tour Leaders have to be able to A deal with demanding people B react to problems calmly C forget their own wishes 4. Adventure holiday tour leaders are different from other tour leaders because A they don't have any time on their own B they have to travel longer distances. C they have to follow strict instructions   5. According to Nick, a big disadvantage of the job is that he Acan't talk about his own problems B often has to change arrangements C may not like members of the group 6. What does Nick say about tour leaders' careers? A leaders go to more interesting places after a while B leaders’ salaries tend to be low at first C most tour leaders eventually do office-based jobs


 
 
position. You can contact me at (555) 555-5555, if you have any further questions, I'd be more than willing to come in and discuss them with you. Thanks again for the opportunity to interview with Nagata Resorts. Sincerely, Signature Chad Ulster

 

Task 1. Arrange the sentences in the correct order according to the Interview Thank You Letter format

 

7 Greenway Court
Eugene, OR 97401
503-555-0303 503-555-0303

Mr. Archie Weatherby
California Investments, Inc.
25 Sacramento Street
San Francisco, CA 94102

Dear Mr. Weatherby,

 

In addition to my qualifications and experience, I will bring excellent work habits and judgement to this position.

After meeting with you and observing the company's operations, I am further convinced that my background and skills coincide well with your needs.

7. What does Nick particularly like about the job? A remembering the places he has been to B being appreciated by others C making friends that he keeps.   Job Description Complete the questions on the left below using the following words. responsible / facility / name / hours / title / answer / company / department  
What is your name? My name is Steven Riley
 
What ________ do you work for?  
 
Which ________ do you work at?  
 
Which _________ do you work in?  
 
What is your official _________?  
 
What tasks are you __________ for?  
 
Who do you __________ to in your department?  
 
What are your normal working __________?  
 

 






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