In 1980, IBM decided that there was a market for 250,000 PCs, so they set up a special team to develop the first IBM PC. It went on sale in 1981 and set a world-wide

15 standard for IBM-compatibility which, over the next ten years, was only seriously<challenged by one other company, Apple Computers. Since then, over seventy million

PCs made by IBM and other manufacturers have been sold. Over this period, PCs have become commodity items. Since IBM made the design non-proprietary, anyone

Can make them.

The history of the multi-billion dollar PC industry has been one of - mistakes. Xerox Corporation * funded the initial research on

Personal computers in their Palo Alto laboratory in California. However, the company failed to capitalize on this work, and the ideas that they put together went

Into the operating system

developed for Apple's computers. This was a graphical interface: using a mouse, the user clicks on icons which represent the function

To be performed.

The first IBM PC was developed using existing available electrical components. With IBM's badge on the box it became the standard

Machine for large corporations to purchase. When IBM were looking for an operating system, they went initially to Digital Research, who -were market leaders in command-so based operating systems (these are operating systems in which the users type in commands to perform a function). When the collaboration between IBM and Digital Research

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