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Сокращения вспомогательных глаголов в разговорной речи
| I am = I'm | I shall = I'll | I have = I' ve |
| he is = he's | he will = he'll | he has = he's |
| she is = she's | she will = she'll | she has = she's |
| it is = it's | it will = it'll | it has = it's |
| we are = we' re | we shall = we'll | we have = we've |
| you are = you' re | you will = you'll | you have = you've |
| they are = they' re | they will = they'll | they have = they've |
| I am not = I 'm not | shall not = shan't | have not = haven't |
| is not = isn't | will not = won't | has not = hasn't |
| are not = aren't | should not=shouldn't | had not = hadn't |
| was not = wasn't | would not= wouldn't | he had = he'd |
| were not = weren't | could not= couldn't | need not = needn't |
| cannot = can't |
23.11. ОБОРОТ "THERE IS (ARE)"
(сказуемое, выраженное через there is(are)...)
Оборот there is всегда стоит в начале предложения, за ним стоит подлежащее.
После there is - исчисляемые существительные в единственном числе употребляются с неопределенным артиклем, а во множественном числе - со словами; some, any, many, two и т. д.
Например: There is a lamp on the table. На столе лампа.
There are some lamps on the table - На столе несколько ламп.
Глагол to be в обороте "there is(are)" может употребляться в различных временах: there is, there are, there was (were), there have(has) been, there had been, there will be.
Вопросительные предложения с оборотом "there is" и ответы на них:
Is there a telephone in room? - Yes, there is. No, there isn't.
Was there a meeting at the Club? - Yes, there was. No, there wasn't.
Will there be a meeting tonight? - Yes, there will. No, there won't,
Отрицательные предложения с оборотом "there is" строятся двумя способами. При помощи "not":
There isn't a telephone in this room. There wasn't any water in the bottle. There won't be any meeting tonight. При помощи "no":
There is no telephone in this room. There was no water in the bottle. There wi11 be no meeting tonight.
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