ÒÎÐ 5 ñòàòåé: Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ïîäõîäû ê àíàëèçó ôèíàíñîâîãî ñîñòîÿíèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ Ïðîáëåìà ïåðèîäèçàöèè ðóññêîé ëèòåðàòóðû ÕÕ âåêà. Êðàòêàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà âòîðîé ïîëîâèíû ÕÕ âåêà Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà øëèôîâàëüíûõ êðóãîâ è åå ìàðêèðîâêà Ñëóæåáíûå ÷àñòè ðå÷è. Ïðåäëîã. Ñîþç. ×àñòèöû ÊÀÒÅÃÎÐÈÈ:
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bopa6a æ o6xæaw 3 ñòðàíèöàB gewc›mx m uogpocw›oæɵx copeæ+oæa+mex uo Cnage uacwo mcuonasyewce coæpeue++oe saymw+oe c+apewe+me (mneu m uepuaw›m). B cau6o 6ouyɵ yuacwæyDw æ copeæ+oæa+mex æ uon+ou s›mumpoæ›e (pmc. 102). KocwDu cau6mcwa cocwomw ms ›ypw›m m wpycoæ ›pac+oro mnm cm+ero yæewa, 6opyoæo› m 6o›cepc›oro mneua c ow›pɵwɵu uog6opog›ou, upmue+eDw ›auɵ. bou upoxogmw æ ygap +o-saxæaw+ɵx uepuaw›ax. Maxoæae o6nacwa saymyaewce ow wpaæu c uouoyaD wæepgoro 6a+gawa (pa›oæm+ɵ). Ha uepeg+DD uoæepx+ocwa rone+eu +ageæaDwce +a›nag›m. O+m o6esawena+o gonw+ɵ upm›pɵæawa m+ypoæ›y 6opyoæo›. Bce upeguewɵ s›mumpoæ›m 6ouya gonw+ɵ 6ɵwa og+oro yæewa. 3a+ewme V›ago upoxogew æ cueymana+ou cuopwmæ+ou ogewge. bouyɵ sworo æmga egm+o6opcwæ +ocew ›ypw›m m mwa+ɵ 6enoro mnm uep+oro yæewa, +auoum+aDyme ›muo+o. Ha rpyga o6esawena+o upmmmæaewce su6neua V›ago. ¶ne saymwɵ æ 6oD mcuonasyDwce ygap+o- saxæaw+ɵe uepuaw›m m 6a+gawm. Mo wena+mD m uo goroæope++ocwm, 6ouyɵ uoryw +a copeæ+oæa+mex æocuonasoæawace mneuou c ow›pɵwɵu uog6opog›ou, ›auaum, ymw›aum gne rone+eu m cwou. B +e›owopɵx cnyuaex, cuopwcue+ɵ æɵcwyuaDw 6es ›ypwo›, wona›o æ mwa+ax c uoecou. ]æew uoeca æ V›ago saæmcmw ow ypoæ+e uacwepcwæa 6ouya (pmc. 103). Pmcy+o›101.KocwDucnagmcwa
Pmcy+o› 102. Cau6mcw æ uon+ou s›mumpoæ›e
Pmcy+o›103. boey V›ago
B POCC æ ›auecwæe Øopuɵ mcuonasyDwce ›auyØnew+ɵe ›ocwDuɵ mnm cau6mcwc›me ›ypw›m m mwa+ɵ ms ›auyØnmpoæa++ou w›a+m. B uocneg+eu cnyuae, uoæepx ogewgɵ uoæesɵæaDw ›pac+ɵu mnm cm+mu uoec, ownmuaDymuce uo yæewy ow ›ypw›m. ¶ne 6oe mcuonasyewce o6yæa c uer›ou uogomæou (6opyoæ›m). 3›mumpoæ›a uowew gouon+ewace ›auaum, saymw+ɵu mneuou c ow›pɵwɵu uog6opog›ou, 6a+gawou m +a›nag›aum gne rone+eu m cwou. B wpagmymo++ɵx 6oeæɵx mc›yccwæax uo æ+em+euy æmgy 6ouya uow+o oupegenmwa ero upm+agnew+ocwa › oupegene++ou m›one. Oco6e++ocwm ›ocwDua m yæew uoeca pacc›awyw o ero ænage+mm wex+m›aum py›ouam+oro 6oe. Og+a›o upoumwawa uwo-nm6o uo nmyy 6ouya +m›ouy +e ygacwce.
B Ko+ws+e owcywcwæyew cueymana+ae cuopwmæ+ae Øopua, og+a›o mcuonasyewce saymw+ae s›mumpoæ›a. bouyɵ saymyaDw ce6e mneuaum, mcuonasyDw 6o›cepc›me uepuaw›m. Mo wena+mD, o+m uoryw æocuonasoæawace 6a+gawou, ymw›aum gne rone+eu. Xe+ym+ɵ saymyaDw rpyga ›mpacou. Ogewga gne wpe+mpoæo› m copeæ+oæa+mu gonw+ɵ 6ɵwa ygo6+ou, cæo6og+ou m ›peu›ou. Mogxogmw gne sworo apueuc›mu ›auyØnew+ɵu ›ocwDu. B 6oD ygo6+a o6yæa +a uer›ou uogomæe (›egɵ).
Fnaæa 6 Camoo6opo+a gne we+yu+
Pycc›mu ›ynau+ɵu 6ou wpagmymo++o eæneewce uywc›mu sa+ewmeu. Xowe æ egm+o6opcwæax, æos+m›mmx +a oc+oæe pycc›mx ›ynau+oro 6oe m 6opa6ɵ, m+orga æɵcwyuaDw we+ym+ɵ, +aupmuep, æ Cnage. Cuoco6+ocwa oænagewa +e›owopɵum upmeuaum py›ouam+oro 6oe upmrogmwace u+ormu we+ym+au. B coæpeue++ou umpe +e æcerga uow+o oyywmwa uon+yD 6esouac+ocwa m +yw+o yuewa uocwoewa sa ce6e. boname s+aue+me mueew yue+me upegæmgewa ouac+ocwa m ms6ewawa ee. B +e›owopɵx cnyuaex ucmxonormuec›m æep+oe uoæege+me uouoraew c6mwa +acwpou +auagaDyero, yue+ammwa ero arpeccmD m weu cauɵu cuacwm cæoD wms+a. Vyume +e goæogmwa geno go gpa›m. Mcmxonormuec›m we+ym+a ownmuaewce ow uywum+ɵ. ¶ne +ee xapa›wep+ɵ uaccmæ+ocwa, suoymo+ana+ocwa, muuynacmæ+ocwa. Mpm swou, o+a Ømsmuec›m ue+ee cmna+a uo cpaæ+e+mD c uywum+ou. Og+a›o, ænagee +aæɵ›aum cauoo6opo+ɵ, we+ym+a uowew o›asawa age›æaw+oe coupowmæne+me +auagaDyeuy m, › wouy we, upoeæmwa xmwpocwa m coo6pasmwena+ocwa. He cwomw sa6ɵæawa o6 sneue+wap+ɵx upaæmnax 6esouac+ocwm. 1. Mou+mwe o wou, uwo xogmwa æ uosg+ee æpeue cywo› uo weu+ɵu ynmyau ouac+o. Ecnm æce-wa›m swo cnyumnoca, æɵ6mpauwe 6onee nDg+ɵe uecwa. 2. B uosg+ee æpeue cywo› +a ynmye mnm æ uycwɵ++ou uecwe g+eu 6ygawe ucmxonormuec›m rowoæɵ › pasnmu+ɵu cmwyaymeu. B wa›mx o6cwoewenacwæax +eyuecw+o «cumwawa æopo+» mnm «uapmwa æ o6na›ax». Mpm +eo6xogmuocwm, æɵ cuowewe 6ɵcwpo cpearmpoæawa m mcuonasoæawa upmeuɵ ucmxonormuec›ou m 6oeæou cauosaymwɵ. 3. facwo +auage+me +a we+ym+ coæepmaDwce æ uogaesgax, uoswouy +e cnegyew æxogmwa æ nmØw c +es+a›ouɵu uywum+ou. Ecnm æɵ ywe egewe, a uywum+a æxogmw æ nmØw +a og+ou ms swaweu, nyume æɵuwm. 4. Ecnm æɵ sauewmnm upecnegoæa+me +a ynmye, +e owupaæneuweca cpasy gouou. Cue+mwe uapmpyw m uouɵwauweca cgenawa wa›, uwo6ɵ upeguonaraeuɵu upecwyu+m› +e go6pance go æamero wmnmya. Oco6e++o swo ›acaewce cnyuae, ecnm æɵ wmæewe og+a. Mosæo+mwe ›ouy- nm6o ms 6nms›mx m coo6ymwe o upomcxogeyeu, a gouou nyume go6mpauweca uocne sworo +a wa›cm. Mogxoge æ uosg+ee æpeue cywo› › gouy, sapa+ee upmrowoæawe ›nDum, uwo6ɵ +e sagepwmæawace y gæepm. Hm › ueuy upmæne›awa nmm+ee æ+mua+me. Mpm +anmumm æ uogaesge gouoØo+a +e upouyc›auwe sa co6ou uanos+a›ouɵx mnm æoæce +es+a›ouɵx nDgeu. He 6ouweca uo›asawace +eæewnmæou m saxnou+mwe uepeg +mum gæepa. O+m caum cuoryw ee ow›pɵwa mnm uosæo+ew æ +yw+yD ›æapwmpy. Hocmwe c co6ou upocwɵe cpegcwæa cauosaymwɵ – uepyoæɵu 6anno+um›, sne›wpomo›ep. banno+um› uoryw saue+mwa na› gne æonoc, gesogopa+w. Fnaæ+oe – geucwæoæawa ocwopow+o m cwapawace +e +aupaænewa ero æo æpeue cauoo6opo+ɵ +a ce6e. He æxogmwe æ wmnae, ecnm uoeæmnmca uogospe+me, uwo gæepa æsnoua+a, m æ+ywpm uowew o›asawace uocwopo++mu. B cmwyaymm, ›orga æɵ upegæmgmwe +auage+me, +e saæesɵæauwe gpa›y uepæou, ecnm æɵ +e eæneeweca cuopwcue+›ou m +e ænageewe egm+o6opcwæaum. Mpm yrpose +acmnme uocwapauweca we+ywa æpeue. Mpegnowmwe upecwyu+m›y uoecwa mnm æɵumwa, uepeuwm æ 6onee ygo6+oe uecwo. C›awmwe euy, uwo æɵ 6ona+ɵ sapas+ɵu sa6oneæa+meu (BHf, cmØmnmc m gp.), 6epeue++ɵ, y æac ue+cwpyaymm m æɵ unoxo ce6e uyæcwæyewe. Mocwapauweca æɵsæawa y +ero couyæcwæme, +o +e gouyc›auwe cnes. Mnau uowew wona›o yxygmmwa cmwyaymD. Korga upowmæ+m› uowepeew 6gmwena+ocwa, +a+ecmwe euy ygap. beuwe c cmnou æ rnasa mnm +oc, uax. Ham6onee cmna+ɵu ygap uonyumwce ›one+ou mnm no›weu. Mpm +auage+mm æoopywe++oro upowmæ+m›a æ 6esnDg+ou uecwe uocwapauweca +e pasgpawawa ero. He +yw+o ero oc›op6newa mnm uɵwawace awa›oæawa. Ecnm æamm geucwæme o›awywce +eyuenɵum, cmwyayme uowew yxygmmwace. Ecnm +auage+me +a æac upomsomno æ uecwe, rge æ nD6yD um+ywy uowew ›wo-wo uoeæmwace, upm yrpose +acmnme uow+o mso6pasmwa o6uopo›. Owcywcwæme coupowmæne+me m uona6ɵ o uoyage 6ygew gne +acmna+m›a +eowmga++ɵu uoæopowou co6ɵwmu, uwo co6aew +aueue++ɵu mu una+. Bɵ æɵmrpaewe æpeue m cuaceweca. Mpm +auage+mm pegou c gouou mnm æ uogaesge, soæmwe +a uouoya cocegeu uo mue+au. Kpmumwe upm swou o uowape: «0ege, ropmu!», upocmwe æɵsæawa umnmymD. Kpm› «cuacmwe» uowew o›asawace +esØØe›wmæ+ɵu. Mpm +auage+mm +acmna+m›a, uow+o o6ep+ywa cmwyaymD æ m+yD cwopo+y m cgenawa æmg, uwo æɵ pagɵ wa›ouy pasæmwmD co6ɵwmu, m ceuuac caum +au+ewe upoeænewa a›wmæ+ocwa – eye +e msæecw+o, ›wo o›awewce wepwæou. Bame +eo6ɵu+oe uoæege+me æɵ6aew ua+ae›a ms upmæɵu+oro cocwoe+me. B wa›ou cmwyaymm o+, uo cywm eæneeca wpycnmæou m sa›ouune›coæa++ou nmu+ocwaD, cau ms6ewmw +auage+me. Mpm +auage+mm mso6pasmwe wom+owy m, ecnm uonyumwce, pæowy. 3wo uowew owuyr+ywa upecwyu+m›a. B peana+ou wms+m m+orga cnyuaDwce cmwyaymm, ›orga +auage+me +a ynmye coæepmaewce +a uapy upoxowmx. ¶awe ecnm æam cuyw+m› ænageew egm+o6opcwæaum, +yw+o cupaæmwace c suoymeum m upm +eo6xogmuocwm uououa euy o›asɵæawa coupowmæne+me. Mpm yrpose xonog+ɵu opywmeu. Ecnm +a æac +auanm gæa 6a+gmwa, m ogm+ ms +mx gepwmw +ow y mem æamero cuyw+m›a, æɵ uowewe msue+mwa cmwyaymD – æɵ6mwa +ow ms py›. ¶ne sworo xnecw+mwe paccna6ne++ou ›mcwaD 6a+gmwy uo sauecwaD co cwopo+ɵ nago+m. Vgap ow we+ym+ɵ 6ygew gne +ero +eowmga++ɵu, m, c›opee æcero, o+ +e ygepwmw +ow. Ta›mu o6pasou, æɵ uouowewe cæoeuy cuyw+m›y upm+ewa 6onee ygo6+oe gne coupowmæne+me uonowe+me. Bo æpeue gpa›m. Ecnm æam cuyw+m› æcwyumn æ gpa›y c 6a+gmwou, a æɵ o›asanmca æ cwopo+e, æɵ wowe uowewe uoænmewa +a mcxog 6oe. Bcwa+awe sa cum+y upowmæ+m›y m +a›m+awe euy +a meD peuemo› ow cyuou›m. ¶anee, æceu wenou we+mwe peuemo› æ+ms. ¶epwmweca mue++o sa peuemo›, a +e sa cyuou›y, ›owopae uowew owopæawace. Mow+o uocwyumwa m+aue. ¶epwmwe cyuou›y sa peuemo› m ygapawe eD c6o›y uo ouop+ou +ore 6a+gmwa. Ta›mu o6pasou æɵ nmmmwe ero ycwouumæocwm, m o+ yuagew. ¶ne cauoo6opo+ɵ uow+o æocuonasoæawace upocwɵum upmeuaum, ›owopɵe uones+o o6gyuawa m uouɵwawace æɵuon+mwa sapa+ee æ cxæaw›e c æoo6pawaeuɵu upowmæ+m›ou. Mon+ae ec+ocwa æ wex+m›e æɵuon+e+me upmeuoæ uouowew copme+wmpoæawace æ +yw+ɵu uoue+w m upmue+mwa mx +a upa›wm›e. Mpm æɵuon+e+mm upmeua æaw+o geucwæoæawa pemmwena+o m æ uon+yD cmny. Mpowmæ+m› gonwe+ mcuɵwawa cmna+yD 6ona m +a æpeue uowepewa cuoco6+ocwa › +auage+mD. Ecnm æɵuon+mwa upmeu æ uon+ou uepe +e ygacwce, +auagaæmmu uowew upmuwm æ 6onee arpeccmæ+oe cocwoe+me m cwawa eye ouac+eu. Mpmue+ewa upmeuɵ cauoo6opo+ɵ nyume c yuewou cnegyDymx upaæmn. 1. Coupowmæne+me sØØe›wmæ+o, ecnm +auagaDymu ero +e owmgaew. Bce ygapɵ +eo6xogmuo æɵuon+ewa 6ɵcwpo m wou+o, 6es uogrowoæmwena+ɵx gæmwe+mu (sa peg›mu mc›nDue+meu). Mocne sworo uow+o ›pmuawa o uouoym, ocæo6owgawace ow saxæawa m cuacawace 6ercwæou. 2. Mpmeuɵ cauosaymwɵ +eo6xogmuo æɵuon+ewa +axogeca æ ycwouumæou uonowe+mm. 3. bmwa +auagaDyero cnegyew uo cauɵu uyæcwæmwena+ɵu uecwau (rnasa, mee cuepegm, uax). 4. Bɵuon+ee upmeu, upoeæneuwe arpeccmD – +a ynmye ›pmumwe, soæmwe +a uouoya, o›asɵæauwe a›wmæ+oe coupowmæne+me. 5. ¶ne cauosaymwɵ æ ›auecwæe opywme mcuonasyuwe nD6ou uogpyu+ɵu upeguew. Mow+o +auwm æ cyuou›e ›nDum m c cmnou ygapmwa mum uo nmyy (nyume uo rnasau) +auagaDyero. 6. Ecnm æɵ upmue+mnm upmeu cauosaymwɵ, m upowmæ+m› +a æpeue æɵuycwmn æac ms py› mnm yuan, coxpa+euwe 6gmwena+ocwa m +e uoæopaumæauweca › +euy cum+ou. Owxogmwe m y6erauwe 6ɵcwpo, +o +e æɵuyc›ae ero ms uone spe+me. 7. V we+ym+ 6onee cna6ɵe, uo cpaæ+e+mD c uywum+aum, py›m, uoswouy ygap ›yna›ou uo nmyy uywum+ɵ o›awewce uanosØØe›wmæ+ɵu. Vyume 6mwa pe6pou nago+m mnm no›weu. Kyna›aum +a+ecwm oyywmuɵu gne upowmæ+m›a ygap uow+o uo ropny mnm æ uax. 8. Vgapɵ +oraum o›asɵæaDwce 6onee sØØe›wmæ+ɵum gne cauosaymwɵ. Horou uow+o ygapmwa c 6onamero paccwoe+me, ueu py›ou. Vyume æcero 6mwa upowmæ+m›a ›one+ou mnm cwouou. Ecnm o6yæa y æac +a wecw›ou uogomæe – wo ygap uonyumwce 6onee cmna+ɵu. Oc+oæ+ɵu upmeuou cauoo6opo+ɵ gne we+ym+ eæneewce ocæo6owge+me ow saxæawoæ. Ecnm æɵcæo6ogmwace ms py› +auagaDyero +e yganoca, +eo6xogmuo upm6er+ywa › gpyrmu upmeuau. Mpm msyue+mm cuoco6oæ cauoo6opo+ɵ, æaw+o upomrpɵæawa cmwyaymD uɵcne++o m æɵuon+ewa +eo6xogmuɵe gæmwe+me, wa›mu o6pasou o+m sa›peuewce æ uauewm. ¶ne ycuem+oro upmue+e+me upmeuoæ cauosaymwɵ, +eo6xogmuo cwapawace coxpa+ewa ycwouumæoe uonowe+me. ¶ne sworo +yw+o +ayumwace uepe+ocmwa ye+wp wewecwm wena oupegene++ɵu o6pasou m ouwmuana+o pacupegenewa ero uo unoyagm ouopɵ. Mpm swou yumwɵæaDw, uwo upm uog+ewmm py› ææepx wynoæmye, æ cæesm co cueye+meu ææepx ye+wpa wewecwm, ow›no+eewce +asag. feu æɵme uepeueyaewce ye+wp wewecwm, weu ycwouumæocwa ue+ame. feu 6oname unoyaga ouopɵ, weu ycwouumæocwa 6oname. Vcwouumæocwa upm +e oue+a mmpo›o paccwaæne++ɵx +orax, uon+ocwaD cwoeymx +a cwouax, cauae 6onamae. Mow+o uo+ewa, uwo gne woro, uwo6ɵ æɵæecwm upowmæ+m›a ms paæ+oæecme, +eo6xogmuo cuecwmwa (won›+ywa, gep+ywa, ygapmwa) ero æ +aupaæne+mm æuepeg mnm +asag. Mow+o wa›we won›+ywa +auagaDyero æ +aupaæne+mm ero gæmwe+me. 3wo wowe æɵæegew ero ms paæ+oæecme m upmæegew › uage+mD mnm uouemaew æɵuon+mwa ygap, saxæaw. Mpm yrpose saxæawa. Ecnm +auagaDymu we+ew › æau py›y, uwo6ɵ cxæawmwa sa ye›y, uneuo mnm wanmD, +eo6xogmuo upoeæmwa a›wmæ+ɵe geucwæme. B wow uoue+w, ›orga ero py›a upm6nmwaewce m +aum+aew æac ›acawace, upowmæ+m› ue+ee æcero owmgaew coupowmæne+me, mue++o worga +eo6xogmuo upmue+ewa ›o+wpupmeu gne ocæo6owge+me. Ecnm uouɵw›a coupowmæne+me +au+ewce pa+ame, upowmæ+m› cuowew msue+mwa wa›wm›y mnm gawe æosauewce sa opywme. Ocæo6owge+me ow saxæawa py›m. Ecnm +auaæmmu cxæawmn æac sa neæyD py›y upaæou, cor+mwe ygepwmæaeuyD py›y æ no›we. ¶anee, 6ɵcwpo uowe+mwe ee +a ce6e, upm swou æpayauwe ›mcwaD ms cwopo+ɵ æ cwopo+y (pmc. 104).
Pmcy+o› 104. Ocæo6owge+me ow saxæawa py›m: 1 – saxæaw py›m; 2 – crm6a+me no›we, upmwermæa+me ›mcwm › ce6e m æpaye+me eD
B cmwyaymm, ›orga upowmæ+m› uoueman æau y6ewawa m cxæawmn sa py›y, mar+mwe æuepeg m uoæmc+mwe +a ygepwmæaeuou py›e. Tewecwa wena uepeuecwmwe +a æɵcwyuaDyyD æuepeg +ory. Bwopae +ora upm swou ocæo6owgaewce, eD +a+ocew ygap upowmæ+m›y uo 6egpy. ¶anee, pes›o pasæep+mweca m +aowuama ygapawe upowmæ+m›a æ nmyo py›ou. beuwe paccna6ne++ou ›mcwaD. Ecwa eye ogm+ cuoco6 ocæo6ogmwace ow saxæawa. Heo6xogmuo æsewa +auaæmero sa ›mcwa, ›owopou o+ cgenan saxæaw, m uoæep+ywa ee æ cwopo+y umsm+ya. Mpm swou ocna6neewce xæaw›a 6onamoro uanaya, m upowmæ+m› ocna6neew saxæaw. 3aweu pes›o uoæopaumæaDw ›mcwa æ o6paw+yD cwopo+y (æ cwopo+y 6onamoro uanaya). Ecnm +eo6xogmuo +e wona›o ocæo6ogmwa cæoD py›y ow saxæawa, +o m saxæawmwa py›y +auagaDyero, geucwæyDw m+aue. C+auana, ›mcwa +auaæmero cgaænmæaDw mnm uoæopaumæaDw æ cwopo+y 6onamoro uanaya. B owæew upowmæ+m› msue+eew uonowe+me py›m. B swow uoue+w pes›o ue+eDw +aupaæne+me æosgeucwæme +a ero ›mcwa m uepexæawɵæaDw ee sa sauecwae. Ecnm æac cxæawmnm sa py›y, uow+o æocuonasoæawace eye og+mu cuoco6ou gne ocæo6owge+me. Manayaum cæo6og+ou py›m w›+mwe æ rnasa +auaæmeuy. Ecnm o+ æ ou›ax, upegæapmwena+o c6euwe mx. ¶anee, pes›o uoæep+mwe saxæaue++yD py›y æ cwopo+y 6onamoro uanaya py›m upowmæ+m›a. C cmnou owwon›+mwe ero m +oc›ou o6yæm +a+ecmwe ygap æ uax. Ocæo6owge+me upm o6xæawe sa uneum cuepegm. C cmnou yupmweca æ rpyga +auaæmeuy m won›+mwe ero ow ce6e. ¶anee, cor+mwe ›mcwa, m wɵna+ou cwopo+ou Øana+r uanayeæ ygapawe upowmæ+m›a uo uepeg+eu uoæepx+ocwm mem. Ha+ecmwe euy ygap ›one+ou æ uax. Ocæo6owge+me upm o6xæawe sa uneum csagm. C+auana, +a+ecmwe +auaæmeuy ygap æ uax. Cgenauwe swo pac›pɵwou nago+aD mnm pe6pou nago+m. ¶anee, pes›o uoæep+mweca m uanayaum w›+mwe euy æ rnasa. Ocæo6owge+me upm o6xæawe wynoæmya cuepegm. Ecnm +auaæmmu cxæawmn æac æ o6nacwm wanmm, a æamm py›m ocwanmca cæo6og+ɵum, ›one+ou ygapawe ero æ uax m, wyw we, 6onammum uanayaum +agaæmwe euy +a rnasa. Mocne sworo won›+mwe ero ow ce6e m eye pas ygapawe æ uax (nyume cwouou). Ocæo6owge+me upm o6xæawe wynoæmya cuepegm c saxæawou py›. B wa›ou cmwyaymm ocwaewce saymyawace +oraum. C cmnou ygapawe ›a6ny›ou uo æepx+eu uacwm cwouɵ +auaæmero, a saweu ›one+ou – æ uax. Manayaum w›+mwe upecwyu+m›y æ rnasa, eye pas +a+ecmwe ygap æ uax. Ocæo6owge+me upm o6xæawe wynoæmya (rpygm) csagm 6es saxæawa py›. Mpm wa›ou +auage+mm +a›no+mweca æuepeg m c cmnou +acwyumwe ›a6ny›ou +a cwouy upowmæ+m›y. 3aweu uoæep+mweca +asag m 6onammu uanayeu w›+mwe euy æ rnasa. ¶anee, owwon›+mwe upowmæ+m›a, ygapawe æ uax. Ocæo6owge+me upm o6xæawe wynoæmya csagm c saxæawou py›. He uem›ae, gæm+aweca æ cwopo+y m pe6pou nago+m ygapawe +auaæmero æ uax. Mow+o o6emum py›aum cxæawmwa ero sa uonoæɵe opra+ɵ m uo›pywmwa mx æ pas+ɵe cwopo+ɵ. ¶anee, æɵcæo6owgauweca ms o6xæawa, uoæopaumæauweca › upowmæ+m›y m uanayaum wɵ›auwe euy æ rnasa. Mocne sworo eye pas ygapawe ero æ uax (+orou). Bɵcæo6owge+me upm uouɵw›e ygyme+me. Ecnm upowmæ+m› +auan +a æac cuepegm m cgaænmæaew meD, 6euwe ero uo nmyy (æ rnasa, +oc), uo mee cuepegm. Mocne sworo cæepxy æ+ms ygapawe uo ygepwmæaDyeu æac py›e upowmæ+m›a. Ecnm upowmæ+m› gne ygyme+me mcuonasyew upaæyD py›y, wo m æɵ 6euwe upaæou py›ou. Coupowmæne+me, cmge +a seune. Ecnm +auaæmmu won›+yn æac, m æɵ yuanm, upm swou o›asanmca æ uonowe+mm cmge m æmgmwe, uwo rowoæmwce +oæae awa›a, coupowmæneuweca +oraum. Vgapawe upm6nmwaDyeroce upowmæ+m›a uew›ou æ uax. Ecnm æɵ +e ycuenm æɵuon+mwa swow upmeu, wo w›+mwe euy æ rnasa uanayaum m 6ɵcwpo uog+muauweca. ¶anee, +a+ecmwe euy ygap æ uax mnm uo +ore (æ rone+a, ›one+o). 3axæaw æonoc. VD6ae we+ym+a uowew cxæawmwa upowmæ+m›a sa æonocɵ. Mow+o, ygepwmæae mx, uouowawa ronoæou upowmæ+m›a ms cwopo+ɵ æ cwopo+y mnm ygapmwa ero ronoæou o cwe+y, ue6ena m gp. Ecnm, +ao6opow, upowmæ+m› cxæawmn sa æonocɵ æac, +eo6xogmuo ygapmwa ero uo nmyy, oco6e++o rnasau m +ocy, a wa›we æ meD, uax (pmc. 105). Pmcy+o›105. Cauosaymwa upm saxæawe æonoc cuepegm: 1 – æapma+wɵ ygapa uo +orau; 2 – æapma+wɵ ygapa uo nmyy, æ meD m wmæow
Ecnm +a æac +auanm csagm m cxæawmnm sa æonocɵ, wa›wm›a m+ae. ¶æyue nago+eum cmna+o upmwumwe py›m upowmæ+m›a › ronoæe, +eu+oro +a›no+mæ ee, uoæep+mweca. Mpm swou ›mcwa upowmæ+m›a 6ygew æɵæopaumæawace m o+ oyywmw pes›yD 6ona æ sauecwae (pmc. 106).
æonoc csagm Pmcy+o› 106. Cauosaymwa upm saxæawe
¶ne we+ym+ upegcwaæneew co6ou cnow+ocwa uouɵw›a æocuonasoæawace æ yenex cauosaymwɵ upmeuaum ›ynau+oro 6oe, ecnm +auagaDymu uywum+a, upm wou 6onee cmna+ɵu m æɵco›mu. Hecoowæewcwæme Ømsmuec›mx uapauewpoæ sawpyg+mw 6opa6y. 3aymyaeca, +yw+o 6mwa uo cauɵu uyæcwæmwena+ɵu gocwyu+ɵu uecwau.
Mpm uouɵw›e gowe+ywace go nmya. Ecnm +auaæmmu uɵwaewce ygapmwa æac upaæou py›ou uo neæou ye›e, ow6euwe ero py›y neæɵu upeguneuaeu. Og+oæpeue++o ›one+ou +a+ecmwe euy ygap uo wmæowy mnm uaxoæou o6nacwm (pmc. 107). Vgap ronoæou. Mpm +auage+mm co cum+ɵ cmna+o ow›m+awe ronoæy +asag. Ta›mu o6pasou, æɵ ygapmwe upecwyu+m›a uo nmyy.
Pmcy+o› 107. Cauosaymwa upm uouɵw›e gowe+ywace go nmya: 1 – +auage+me; 2 – ow6mæa+me py›m upeguneuaeu m ygap ›one+ou æ wmæow
Vgap py›ou. Kawgae we+ym+a uowew +a+ecwm ygap py›ou uo ronoæe, nmyy mnm gpyrou uacwm wena +auagaDyero. fwo6ɵ uo+ewa wex+m›y æɵuon+e+me ygapa, æosaumwe æ py›y uepuaw›y. Bcwa+awe +eu+oro 6o›ou m pes›o 6pocawe uepuaw›y æuepeg. Bɵ uouyæcwæyewe uopego› +aupewe+me uɵmy m gæmwe+me py›m. Vgapmwa upowmæ+m›a, wa›mu o6pasou, uow+o wɵna+ou cwopo+ou ›yna›a, cycwaæaum cor+ywɵx uanayeæ mnm pe6pou nago+m. Vgap uo ymau. Vgap æɵuon+eDw cpasy gæyue py›aum. Cnowmwe nago+m nogou›ou m ygapawe mum c gæyx cwopo+ uo ymau upowmæ+m›a. Mpm wou+ou æɵuon+e+mm upmeua, upowmæ+m› uonyumw 6oneæou mo›. Ecnm we sworo +e upomsomno, xæawauwe ero sa ymm m ›pywmwe ero ronoæy ms cwopo+ɵ æ cwopo+y, waymwe upm swou wo æ6o›, wo +a ce6e, wo æ+ms. Ta›mu o6pasou uoæanmwe upowmæ+m›a +a uon. 3axæaw uomo+›m. 3wo oue+a 6ones+e++ɵu upmeu, ›owopɵu sacwaæneew +auagaDyero uywum+y saymyawace. Ecnm æɵ upmue+mnm swow upmeu æo æpeue +auage+me, wo, c›opee æcero, y æac uoeæmwce æosuow+ocwa y6ewawa, m +yw+o cgenawa swo ›a› uow+o c›opee. H+aue, upowmæ+m› upmgew æ ce6e m 6ygew pasaepe+. Ecnm +a æac +auan +acmna+m›, uow+o uogɵrpawa euy m mso6pasmwa cornacme +a æce. Mocne woro, ›a› o+ o6+awmw uonoæɵe opra+ɵ, +yw+o c cmnou saxæawmwa uomo+›y, gep+ywa +a ce6e mnm æɵ›pywmwa æ cwopo+y. Mo›a upowmæ+m› ›opumwce ow 6onm, ecwa æosuow+ocwa y6ewawa. Vgap æ uax py›ou. Ecnm upowmæ+m› +axogmwce › æau nmyou, uow+o ygapmwa ero æ uax nago+aD, cnowe++ou nogou›ou, mnm ›yna›ou (6o›oæou uoæepx+ocwaD 6onamoro uanaya). Ecnm upowmæ+m› cwomw uosagm æac, uow+o ygapmw ero æ uax pe6pou nago+m mnm ›yna›ou. B swou cnyuae æama py›a upm ygape mgew æ+ms m +asag. Ecnm æɵ s+aumwena+o +mwe cwoeyero sa cum+ou upowmæ+m›a, ygapmwa æ uax uow+o m no›weu. Vgap æ uax +orou. 3wo upmeu uogxogmw æau æ wou cnyuae, ecnm upowmæ+m› s+aumwena+o æɵme uo pocwy. Vgap +a+ocmwe c pasuaxy æ +aupaæne+mm c+msy ææepx. Mpm swou uow+o py›aum cxæawmwa upowmæ+m›a sa uneum mnm ogewgy m pæa+ywa æ+ms. Mpm +e6onamou pas+mye æ pocwe c +auagaDymu, uepeg ygapou +eu+oro upmcegawe m ow›no+mwe was +asag. ¶anee, pes›o æɵupeumweca m ygapawe upowmæ+m›a +orou æ uaxoæyD o6nacwa. Haupaæne+me ygapa wo we cauoe – c+msy ææepx. Tɵuo› uo mee. 3wow upmeu æɵuon+eDw cnowe++ou æ yeuowa nago+aD (uogymeu›m æcex uanayeæ cæege+ɵ æuecwe). Vgap pes›mu gæmwe+meu +a+ocew uo uepeg+eu uoæepx+ocwm mem æ o6nacwm epeu+ou æɵpes›m rpygm+ɵ. 3wo uecwo ner›o oupegenmwa, ecnm mee upowmæ+m›a ow›pɵwa. beuwe æ eu›y +a rpa+mye mem m rpygm. Mocne ygapa upowmæ+m› sa›amneewce, y +ero uoeæewce cnesoweue+me, o+ uowew yuacwa æ o6uopo›. Tɵuo› uo nmyy. A+anormu+ɵu upegɵgyyeuy, ygap uo nmyy, ›owopɵu æɵsɵæaew ›poæoweue+me (uaye ms +oca) m m+orga 6oneæou mo› (æ saæmcmuocwm ow uecwa upmnowe+me). Tɵuo› æ rnasa. Mpmeu æɵuon+eDw pac›pɵwɵum nago+eum. bonamme uanayɵ ycwpeuneDw æ rnas+myɵ upowmæ+m›a, a ocwana+ɵum uanayaum weu æpeue+eu saxæawɵæaDw yrnɵ +mw+eu uenDcwm æ +mw+eu 6o›oæou uacwm nmya. ¶anee, uanayɵ ›awgou nago+m cwmuaDw +aæcwpeuy gpyr gpyry. 3wo oue+a 6ones+e++ɵu upmeu cauosaymwɵ. Mpowmæ+m› wepeew cuoco6+ocwa coupowmænewace +a ›a›oe-wo æpeue m uowew uowepewa spe+me. Og+a›o æo æpeue cauoo6opo+ɵ gyuawa +yw+o o cæoeu cuace+mm. Ecnm upm æɵuon+e+mm sworo upmeua uwo-wo +e uonyumnoca, wo, +e paswmuae py›, ygapawe upowmæ+m›a ronoæou +asag o cwe+y, ue6ena m gp. Vgap uo +ocy mnm æepx+eu ry6e. Mpmeu æɵuon+eDw pe6pou cner›a cor+ywou nago+m co cwawɵum uanayaum. fwo6ɵ uogrowoæmwace › ygapy, uepeuecwmwe py›m uepeg co6ou nago+eum gpyr › gpyry. Bɵ cnoæ+o cgenanm yuoneDymu wecw. ¶anee, 6es pes›mx gæmwe+mu uepeuecwmwe uanayɵ upaæou nago+m › oc+oæa+mD neæou. Mpm swou 6onammu uanayeu neæou py›m upm›pɵæauwe umsm+ey upaæou. ¶anee, «ump›+mwe» og+ou py›ou uo gpyrou m pes›o +a+ecmwe ygap uo nmyy upowmæ+m›a (æ +oc mnm uo æepx+eu ry6e). Vgap æ æmco›. Mpmeu æɵuon+eewce ›yna›ou mnm no›weu. Vgap +a+ocew uo ronoæe upowmæ+m›a c6o›y. Vgap uo sawɵn›y. Mpmeu æɵuon+eDw pe6pou nago+m, ›yna›ou, no›weu. Vgap uo mee. Pe6pou nago+m uow+o +a+ecwm py6eymu ygap uo 6o›oæou uoæepx+ocwm mem. Mpmeu uow+o æɵuon+mwa og+ou mnm gæyue py›aum og+oæpeue++o. Vgapɵ æ æmco› uaye æɵuon+eDwce ›yna›ou c6o›y c æɵgæm+ywɵu æuepeg cor+ywɵu cpeg+mu uanayeu, a wa›we no›weu +asag +aowuama. Vgapɵ uo sawɵn›y. Ha+ocewce pe6pou nago+m, no›weu, ›yna›ou, æɵgæm+ywɵu æuepeg cor+ywɵu cpeg+mu uanayeu. Vgap æ o6nacwa con+eu+oro cunewe+me. Ha+ocmwce ›yna›ou (Øana+raum unow+o cwawɵx uanayeæ), py›a mgew ow uneua m uon+ocwaD æɵupeuneewce, upm swou ›yna› pasæopaumæaewce wɵna+ou cwopo+ou nago+m ææepx. Og+oæpeue++o coæepmaewce uoæopow 6egep. Vgap æ wmæow. Vgapmwa upowmæ+m›a æ wmæow uow+o pas+ɵum cuoco6aum – py›ou (›yna›ou, no›weu) m +orou (›one+ou, 6o›oæou mnm uogomæe++ou uoæepx+ocwaD cwouɵ). bmwa upowmæ+m›a pe›oue+gyewce æ wow uoue+w, ›orga o+ genaew ægox. Íå íàøëè, ÷òî èñêàëè? Âîñïîëüçóéòåñü ïîèñêîì:
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