Главная

Популярная публикация

Научная публикация

Случайная публикация

Обратная связь

ТОР 5 статей:

Методические подходы к анализу финансового состояния предприятия

Проблема периодизации русской литературы ХХ века. Краткая характеристика второй половины ХХ века

Ценовые и неценовые факторы

Характеристика шлифовальных кругов и ее маркировка

Служебные части речи. Предлог. Союз. Частицы

КАТЕГОРИИ:






Interview with Mr Shibalov,




Sales and Marketing Director, GAZAuto Works

Q: You were GAZ chief engineer in Soviet times and now you are heading sales and marketing. Was it difficult to turn into a salesman? How did you prepare for that?

А: Конечно, сложно. Я всю литературу — Карнеги, Якокку — прочитал, и в конце концов получил представление, что это такое. Но до этого, когда работал в производстве легковых автомобилей, я очень много сотрудничал с «ГАЗавтотехобслуживанием» — поднимал качество, и, когда меня сюда назначили, наверное, знали, что из этого получится.

Q: Marketing is a new profession in Russia and your staff is mostly young. Is there any generation gap in your department — you have worked here for 30 years yourself?

А: Да нет, я стараюсь, чтобы молодые тоже привыкали к самостоятельности. Не давлю, когда человек принимает свое решение. Но после того как решение принято, я могу и надавить. А так я своим маркетологам говорю: вы счастливые люди, у вас есть возможность, пока вы молодые, наработать такой материал, что в будущем из вас выйдут и Карнеги, и Якокки. Сейчас ведь у нас просто непочатый край работы. Тем более условия все для этого созданы: хочешь учиться - учись, есть библиотеки, возможность пройти хорошую подготовку и т.д.

Q: Can you feel the difference between the Soviet time GAZ and today's factory?

А: Сейчас завод сам решает, что нужно сделать. Раньше нужно было долго ходить, выпрашивать фонды(financing), упрашивать купить этот или вот тот станок. Сейчас мы вольны в своем выборе. Мы могли бы купить автоматическую линию за рубежом, какую хотели, но мы нашли возможность разработать, изготовить, нала дить, запустить в производство свою и заплатить своим рабочим.

Q: What motivates you in business? Do you often have to work overtime?

А: Мне нравится решать проблемы, когда ситуация тяжелая и из нее нужно выйти и вытащить людей, что рядом с тобой. У меня, наверное, запрограммировано, что я люблю работать. Уже 30 лет работаю на заводе и прошел все ступени. Рабочий день — минимум 12 часов. И я надеюсь, что скоро мы превратим Нижний в русский Детройт — у нас отличные специалисты. Мне много пришлось поездить по миру, и я убежден, что тут мы своего обязательно добьемся.

(Из учебника А. Чужакин «Мир перевода-2»)

 

Интервью № 3

Talk with Mr.Savenkov,

CEO Argument-M Company

Q: Which of your achievements do you consider the most important?

А: Во-первых, я горжусь тем, что мы достигли стабильности и уже два года отсутствует текучка кадров. А если я уеду, то команда будет продолжать точно так же функционировать без меня. И еще очень горжусь тем, что мы сумели подняться действительно «с нуля».

Q: You've graduated from the Math Department of the Moscow State University. As far as I know, you haven't majored in Business Administration. Where and when did you get an MBA?

А: Я ничего по этой области не заканчивал специально. Жизнь научила, никуда не денешься.

Q: Aren't you dreaming of resuming research work — it's your profession, after all?

А: Такой мечты у меня нет, но я с удовольствием вспоминаю, как доказывал всевозможные теоремы и леммы. Вернуться в науку я пока не планирую. Рынок труда сильно изменился, люди науки с дипломами мало кому нужны. Вот поэтому у нас работают выпускники химфака, филфака российских вузов.

Q: What have you enjoyed reading lately?

А: В последнее время читал «Приключения бравого солдата Швейка» Ярослава Гашека. Прекрасно снимает стресс. А вообще времени почти нет, так что в основном читаю бухгалтерские отчеты.

Комментарии

текучка кадров — high personnel turnover;

«с нуля» — from scratch;

никуда не денешься — can't help it; that's life;

MBA — Master of Business administration;

«Приключения бравого солдата Швейка» — The Good Soldier Sweik by J.Hasek.

(Из учебника А. Чужакин «Мир перевода-2»)

Раздел 6. Социальные проблемы.

Текст № 1

Упражнения перед переводом текста:

1) Обратите внимание на значение и способы перевода следующих единиц (рекомендуется прочитать соответствующие статьи в словаре А. Палажченко «Мой несистематический словарь»)

struggling

communities

2) Предложите варианты перевода атрибутивных словосочетаний, выделенных в тексте курсивом.

3) Предложите варианты перевода конструкций, выделенных в тексте жирным шрифтом.

 

Ebola outbreak: WHO warns that virus could infect 20,000

The World Health Organization says the deadly Ebola outbreak in West Africa could infect more than 20,000 people before it is brought under control. The UN agency said the number of cases could already be four times higher than the 3,000 currently registered. It also called on airlines to resume "vital" flights across the region, saying travel bans were threatening efforts to beat the epidemic. So far, 1,552 people in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Nigeria have died.

Announcing a WHO action plan to deal with the outbreak, Bruce Aylward said "the actual number of cases may be 2-4 fold higher than that currently reported" in some areas. The WHO assistant director-general said the possibility of 20,000 cases "is a scale that I think has not ever been anticipated in terms of an Ebola outbreak". "That's not saying we expect 20,000... but we have got to have a system in place that we can deal with robust numbers," he added. On Thursday, Nigeria confirmed its first Ebola death outside Lagos, with an infected doctor in the oil hub of Port Harcourt dying from the disease. Operations have not yet been affected in Africa's biggest oil producer, but a spokesman for Shell's Nigerian subsidiary said they were "monitoring the Ebola outbreak very closely".

Health ministers from across West Africa are meeting in Ghana at an extraordinary meeting of the Economic Community of West African States (Ecowas) to discuss how to prevent the virus from spreading further. Officials at the Ecowas session backed the WHO's call for flight bans to be ended and called for states to reopen their borders to make it easier for health workers to access affected areas. Earlier Mr Aylward insisted bans on travel and trade would not stop the spread of Ebola, saying they were "more likely to compromise the ability to respond". Despite rumours to the contrary, the virus is not airborne and is spread by humans coming into contact with bodily fluids, such as sweat and blood, from those infected with virus.

The BBC's West Africa correspondent Thomas Fessy says medical agencies are struggling to cope with an increasing number of cases and growing hostility from communities in certain affected areas. Efforts to prevent the virus spreading are unlikely to see any results given that most treatment centres are already operating at full capacity, our correspondent adds.

Текст № 2.

Перед тем, как приступить к переводу текста, обратите внимание на конструкции, выделенные жирным шрифтом.

Is fast food making us depressed?

The people entering Felice Jacka’s offices over the next few months will be in the throes of depression. She wants to help them – but her approach is unorthodox. Her team at Deakin University in Australia won’t be trying out a new cocktail of drugs. Nor will they be mulling over the patient’s childhood, their jobs, or their marital difficulties to help them cope with their problems. Instead, she wants them to talk about food. If Jacka is right, changing their eating habits could be a key part of these people’s recovery. She has good reason to believe this; over the last few years, a series of striking findings have begun to suggest that fatty, sugary diets are bad for the mind, as well as the body. The result is a cascade of reactions in the brain that can eventually lead to depression.

Although the link is by no means proven, the fear that we are eating our way to depression is already prompting governments to take action. The US Department of Defence is now funding a trial that will deliver daily nutrient-rich food parcels to a group of former soldiers, to see if it can reduce suicide rates in army veterans. And at the start of this year, the European Union launched the 9m euro MoodFood project to further explore the way different nutrients may influence our minds. Certainly, no one is suggesting that a new diet should immediately replace existing treatments; Jacka’s volunteers will still be taking their medications as well as changing their eating habits. But if healthier eating can improve their recovery rate – or prevent some people developing symptoms in the first place – it would make for a simple, complementary way to help tackle mental illness.

To grasp why your favourite dishes could be influencing your mental health, you first need to understand a strange aspect of the mind-body connection that first came to light 20 years ago. At the time, doctors were concerned that the stresses of poor mental health would weaken the body’s immune response, leaving them open to infection. Instead, they found the exact opposite was true; in people with depression, the immune system seemed to be going into over-drive. For instance, the blood of depressed people was awash with a particular type of protein, called cytokines, which normally lead to inflammation after illness or injury. As the scientists pressed on, it became clear that this was a two-way process: not only could depression cause inflammation, but crucially, inflammation from other causes seems to be triggering depression.

Текст № 3.

Текст рекомендуется для перевода с листа.

 

The 5p plastic bag charge: All you need to know

By Dominic Howell

Shoppers are to be charged 5p for every new plastic bag they use at large stores in England. The charge applies only to shops or chains with 250 or more full-time employees. Plastic bags at airport shops or on board trains, planes or ships, will not be included, and neither will paper bags. The move will bring England in line with the rest of the UK.

The number of plastic bags handed out by supermarkets in England in 2014 rose to 7.64bn - 200 million more than in 2013. Figures collected by waste-reduction body Wrap, on behalf of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), show that the figure has steadily increased for the past four years. In 2010 almost 6.3bn were used.

Campaigners argue that the bags blight streets, spoil the countryside, and damage wildlife, seas and coastline. Ministers think introducing a 5p charge will stop shoppers using as many new bags, and encourage people to re-use old ones. The government hopes to see an 80% reduction in plastic bag use in supermarkets, and a 50% fall on the high street.

Over the next decade it hopes the charge will raise:

Up to £730m for good causes

£60m savings in litter clean-up costs

£13m in carbon savings

The charge was a policy championed by the Liberal Democrats in the previous coalition government.


Текст № 4.

Текст рекомендуется для перевода с листа

The World Health Organization collates and publishes country-level data on overall per-capita alcohol consumption, broken down by type of drink, which is based on tax receipts or import-export data. In countries where these sorts of official statistics are unavailable, industry data is used instead.

In addition to this, the organisation tries to quantify the amount of "unrecorded" alcohol consumed, which may have been home-brewed or smuggled into the country - or taken from sources not intended for human consumption. This second category, which the WHO reports is larger than the official category in some countries - and highest of all in Moldova - is underpinned by survey data or, if all else fails, "expert opinion".

Survey data is also the WHO's main source for the consumption figures broken down by gender. Representative samples of inhabitants over the age of 15 are polled.

England's Department of Health advises that men who regularly consume more than three to four units of alcohol a day "run an increasingly significant risk of illness and death", including from cancer and strokes. The equivalent threshold for women is two to three units.

The department also advises that heavy drinking sessions carry increased health risks, and should be followed by 48 alcohol-free hours. In Scotland, the official advice is that people should have at least two alcohol-free days every week.

The World Health Organization defines drinking heavily as consuming more than 7.5 units in a single occasion. Drinking this much at least once a month "is associated with detrimental consequences even if the average level of alcohol consumption of the person concerned is relatively low", it says.

According to survey data published by the WHO, about 30% of men in Russia had drunk heavily on at least one occasion in month before the survey, compared with about 10% of women. The global average is 12.3% for men and 2.9% for women. The researchers also investigate abstention rates: 32% of those surveyed in Russia reported that they had not touched a drop of alcohol in the previous 12 months. The global average is 61.7%.

(Тексты в данном разделе подготовлены по материалам сайта bbc.co.uk)


 

Интервью для абзацно-фразового перевода

Интервью № 1

Talk with Mr P.Rusavsky,

Head of the Social Security Department, South-West District, Moscow

Q: Now that the Russian-style "market economy" has badly hit the poor, the public sector employees and the elderly what is being done to help the underprivileged? We know that your district boasts several community welfare centres. What are these and what they do?

А: Как вы понимаете, эти центры созданы прежде всего для (to target) людей пожилого возраста, для малоимущих и одиноких. Отсюда и направленность их деятельности.

Одна из основных форм — обслуживание одиноких граждан на дому. Это, как правило, больные люди, которые не могут передвигаться и которым некому помочь, кроме наших социальных работников, каждый из которых шефствует (look after) над восьмью подопечными.

Q: Could you give some more details? How many people do you serve and what are the functions of the social workers?

А: Сегодня на дому мы обслуживаем свыше 11 тысяч человек. Социальный работник выполняет все их поручения: приносит из магазинов продукты, оплачивает коммунальные услуги, вызывает на дом врача и так далее. Кстати, с февраля этого года мы организовали новый вид услуг для таких людей — бесплатно доставляем их в учреждения здравоохранения и социальной защиты.

Q: However there are quite a few lonely people who are not confined to wheelchair or bed but still need as much attention as they can get. What do you do to support them? Could you elaborate, please? А: И для них в центрах социального обслуживания, пока, правда, только в 10 из 12, открыты отделения дневного пребывания (daycare centres). В них ежедневно мы обслуживаем до 350 человек.

По сути, эти отделения — своеобразные мини-пансионаты, куда люди приходят рано утром, а домой возвращаются поздним вече ром. Путевки (vouchers) сюда выдаем на 24 дня. Человек получает здесь бесплатное питание, комплекс социальных и медицинских услуг, мы организуем экскурсии по Москве и округе, выезды в театры и на концерты.

(Из учебника А. Чужакин «Мир перевода-2»)


Раздел 6. Наука и новые технологии.

Текст № 1

Упражнения перед переводом текста.

a) Обратите внимание на фразы, выделенные жирным шрифтом. Предложите варианты их передачи на русский язык.

b) Предложите варианты перевода для словосочетаний, выделенных курсивом. К какому стилю они относятся?

 

Passport website sues its customers

By Shari Vahl

An unofficial passport website has sued more than 150 of its own customers after they tried to cancel or refused to pay believing they had been misled. Some who used Britishpassportservices.co.uk said they thought they were on the government's official website when trying to book appointments for urgent passports. But the website told BBC Radio 4's You and Yours that there were disclaimers which the customers did not read. Some of them have now been sued.

Retired City of London Police officer Mark Dilliway paid Britishpassportservices.co.uk £117 for an appointment - which is free of charge from the government. "There was a button there to arrange an urgent appointment," he said.

It was not until he rang the official Passport Office that he realised his mistake. "They said you haven't made the appointment through any of our offices, you've made it through a third party. That was when I felt sick. I just could not believe I'd fallen for it," he said.

Martin Wyatt, from Bristol, did not realise what had happened until he got to the Passport Office for the appointment. His credit card company agreed to stop the payment, but later the website owners warned they would take legal action. "They left threatening messages and by that time the cost inflated to about £177 and they detailed various calls and various text messages charging you typically £5 or £10 for each contact," he said.

Chantelle Parker Mills said she worked out it was not the official site and pulled out before entering payment, and booked her own appointment with the official Passport Office. She said the company had been extremely aggressive.

UK Services and Support Ltd which runs Britishpassportservcies.co.uk went on to sue her, and succeeded because when court documents arrived - giving Ms Mills 14 days to respond - she ignored them.

In cases like this, if one side does not turn up, the other side automatically wins. This is called a default judgement. The case has not been looked at by a judge at all. UK Services and Support Ltd is 18 months old, and has sued 150 people - obtaining default judgements against them. Richard Howard, the 28-year-old director of UK Services and Support Ltd, repeatedly denied his website misleads people into believing it is the government site.

Текст № 2

 

Facebook was targeted by 'sophisticated' hackers

Facebook has revealed it was the target of a "sophisticated attack" by hackers last month, but found no evidence any user data had been compromised. The US-based social network said that the attack occurred when employees visited a mobile developer website "that was compromised". Facebook said in a blog post that it was not the only company to have been attacked in this way.

"Last month, Facebook security discovered that our systems had been targeted in a sophisticated attack," the California-based company said. "The attack occurred when a handful of employees visited a mobile developer website that was compromised."

Malware was downloaded on to its employees' laptops, the firm said, adding: "As soon as we discovered the presence of the malware, we remediated all infected machines, informed law enforcement, and began a significant investigation that continues to this day." "We have no evidence that Facebook user data was compromised in this attack," Facebook said in its blog post.

The firm went on to say that it was "not alone in this attack". "It is clear that others were attacked and infiltrated recently as well. As one of the first companies to discover this malware, we immediately took steps to start sharing details about the infiltration with the other companies and entities that were affected," Facebook said.

This is the latest attack by apparently sophisticated hackers targeting high-profile sites. Twitter said earlier this month that the theft of 250,000 users' passwords, as well as usernames, emails and other data, was "not the work of amateurs".

Текст № 3

The car designer who turned a sailfish into a supercar

How would your boss react if he had to sign off for an expensive stuffed fish you’d bought on a whim on your holiday? Most of us would probably answer “not very thrilled”. But Frank Stephenson’s boss is not your average boss; his workplace is not your average workplace; and the fish? Well, that’s not your normal fish either.

Stephenson is design director of McLaren Automotive, the carmakers behind a range of highly prized, high-priced cars. While on holiday in the Caribbean, he noticed a sailfish on a wall in the resort where he was staying. A man working there told Stephenson that he was proud to have caught the fish because it was so fast. Stephenson was intrigued – he began doing some research on the species to find out why it was so quick.

On the way back to London, Stephenson stopped off in Miami and went down to a local fishing village, where, in a stroke of luck, a local fisherman had just caught a sailfish. He bought it, sent it downtown to get it stuffed and eventually got it delivered to the scanning department of the McLaren Automotive aerodynamics laboratory in Surrey – where the carmakers set to work trying to learn the secrets of the super-speed fish’s abilities. It’s just one of a number of recent initiatives by automotive companies to try and learn from techniques that have been used in nature.

The sailfish is a kind of turbo swordfish; one that has been clocked swimming 100m in around half the time it takes Usain Bolt to run it. They are capable of these bursts of breath-taking speed in order to chase down the small, fast-swimming fish they eat. The analysis revealed that the scales on the sailfish’s skin generate little vortices that result in the fish being enveloped in a bubble of air instead of denser water. This reduced drag allows the fish to move even faster. McLaren’s designers applied the same texture as the scales of the sailfish to the inside of the ducts that lead into the engine of their P1 hypercar. This increased the volume of air going into the engine by 17%, improving the car’s efficiency: the P1 has hybrid engines creating 903 horsepower and thus needs large amounts of air pumped into the engine to help combustion and engine cooling. The P1 also borrowed from the sailfish little ‘diplets’ on the torso of the fin where it meets the tail fin that the fish uses to straighten out the flow of pockets of air and water that move past it. This, Stephenson says, made the car more aerodynamic. <…>

Текст № 4

Newcastle University bionic limb project gets £1.4m boost

Dr Nazarpour says the cash will be used to extend the development of multi-functional prosthetic hands.

A new generation of bionic limbs could be the result of research being led by scientists at Newcastle University. The £1.4m project will focus on how to produce a prosthetic hand that can sense pressure and temperature and send the information back to the brain. If successful, it would enable much higher levels of function for people who have lost their limbs.

The study hopes to create electrodes in the bionic limb that can wrap around nerve endings in the arm. Led by Newcastle University, the project also involves specialists from the universities of Leeds, Essex, Keele, Southampton and Imperial College London.

Dr Kianoush Nazarpour, a lecturer in Biomedical Engineering at Newcastle University and leader of the study, said: "The UK leads the way in the design of prosthetic limbs but until now one of the limiting factors has been the technology to allow the hand to communicate with the brain. "If we can design a system that allows this two-way communication it would help people to naturally reach out and pick up a glass, for example, whilst maintaining eye contact in a conversation, or pick up an apple without bruising it."

… Dr Rory O'Connor, senior lecturer in rehabilitation medicine at the University of Leeds, added: "We are seeing many more active young people who are surviving severe injuries that result in them losing one or more limbs and requiring a prosthesis.

"The current designs are like a plug and socket. The socket fits over the end of the limb and picks up signals from the muscles. The prosthesis fits onto this and by learning to flex certain muscles the patient can work the hand. "The drawback is that for many patients - particularly survivors of trauma - the muscle ends are too damaged to be able to use the limb."

 

 

Тексты для перевода с листа

1. Molecules found in red wine, peanuts and other products of the plant world have for the first time been shown to mimic the life-extending effects of calorie restriction, a finding that could help researchers develop drugs that lengthen life and prevent or treat aging-related diseases. Researchers said on Sunday that one of the molecules, a compound known as resveratrol, was shown in a study to extend the life span of yeast cells by up to 80 percent. Resveratrol exists naturally in grapes and red wine.

2. Earth and Mars came close on Wednesday during an historical event that has captivated the attention of sky watchers around the globe. The two planets were separated by approximately 56,000,000 million kilometers at 5:51 a.m. on Aug. 27. Not since the Neanderthals shared this planet with early humans have the two worlds been so close. The span of space is small only in the cosmic sense, however. Despite rumors, there was no chance of collision and no unusual or dangerous gravitational effects.

3. A new study evaluated the effects of excess television watching and bedroom TV sets on children’s sleep quality. It pointed out situations in which television viewing could impact a child’s physical and mental health. The findings were published online on April 14 in the journal Pediatrics by researchers at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Hospital for Children, both in Boston, Massachusetts. The authors note that previous studies have reported that television watching and inadequate sleep are associated with poor mental and physical health. In view of this, they conducted a study to evaluate the associations of TV viewing and bedroom TV sets with sleep duration from infancy to mid-childhood. The authors concluded that more TV viewing, and, the presence of a bedroom TV among racial/ethnic minority children, were associated with shorter sleep from infancy to mid-childhood.

 

 






Не нашли, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском:

vikidalka.ru - 2015-2024 год. Все права принадлежат их авторам! Нарушение авторских прав | Нарушение персональных данных