Упражнение 3. Посложнее. На этот раз вам предстоит решить самостоятельно, в каком залоге употребить глаголы.

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1. Нам объяснили, как работает аппарат. We were explained to how the unit works.

2. Тролля так хорошо описали, что мы сразу поняли, что это он. The troll was described so well that we understood at once that it was him.

3. Письмо продиктовали по телефону. The letter was dictated by telephone.

4. Преподаватель лишь упомянул про это закон физики, но не объяснил его студентам. The teacher just mentioned this physical law but didn’t explain it to the students.

5. Вам когда-нибудь объясняли значения этих слов? Have you ever been explained to the meanings of these words?

6. Я удивился, когда получил открытку от ведьмы. I was surprised when I received a postcard from the witch.

7. Сообщение повторялось каждые два часа. The announcement was repeated every two hours.

8. Пиратам указали на их недостойное поведение. The pirates were pointed at their inadequate behaviour.

9. Заказчики предложили новые условия контракта. The customers offered new contract specifications.

10. На вокзале нас встретит секретарь президента компании. At the station we will be met by the secretary of the president of the company.

11. Автоответчик запишет для вас всю информацию. The automatic answering machine (the voice mail) will record all the information for you.

12. Этот хит можно слышать везде. This hit can be heard everywhere.

13. Иностранный язык невозможно выучить за несколько недель. A foreign language can’t be learnt within a few weeks.

14. Фрукты нельзя класть в холодильник. Они там портятся. Fruits shouldn’t be put in the fridge. They get spoiled there.

15. Мне нужно закончить письмо сегодня. I must finish the letter today.

16. Торт едят вилкой. Попробуйте и вы увидите, что это действительно удобно. A tart is eaten with a fork. Try it and you will see that it is really convenient.

17. Людоеду предложили хорошую должность. The ogre has been offered a god position.

18. Мне хочется поехать за город. Давненько мы не ели шашлык. I want to go to the country. We haven’t eaten barbecue for ages.

19. Такое оборудование продают в специализированных магазинах. Such equipment is sold in specialized shops.

20. Когда нужно вернуть эти документы? When must these documents be returned?

21. Как разрушили этот дом? How was this house destroyed?

22. Кто изобрел телефон? Who invented the telephone?

23. Вся важная информация обычно посылается электронной почтой. All important information is usually sent by e-mail.

24. Несколько месяцев спустя они обвенчались в местной церкви. A few months later they got married at the local church.

25. Когда все книги пересчитали, то оказалось, что одной не хватает. When all the books were counted it turned out that one was missing.

26. Этот журнал публикует только проверенные факты. This magazine publishes only checked facts.

27. Предпринимаются попытки освободить заложников (hostage). Attempts are being made to free the hostages.

28. Мне сообщили об этом только вчера. I was informed about it only yesterday.

29. Грабители обнаружили, что код на сейфе изменили. The burglars discovered that the code to the safe had been changed.

30. Все удивятся, если его выберут главой компании. Everybody will be surprised if he is elected the president of the company.

31. Мы чувствовали, что за нами следят. We felt we were being followed.

32. Дверь твоей машины уже неделю сломана. Ты собираешься ее ремонтировать? One door of your car has been out of order for a whole week. Are you going to repair it?

33. – Здесь произошла авария. – Скорую вызвали? – Да, она приедет с минуты на минуту. There has been an accident here. – Has the ambulance been called? – Yes, they are coming.

34. Что за сумасшедшая идея! Только никому не говори, а то все будут смеяться. What a crazy idea! Just don’t tell anybody or everyone will laugh.

35. Профессор был уверен, что лекцию о подростковом сленге будут слушать внимательно. The professor was sure that the lecture on teenagers’ slang would be listened to with attention.

36. Мы не можем открыть дверь этой аудитории. Кто-то из преподавателей случайно унес ключ с собой. Ключ ищут уже неделю, но пока безуспешно. We can’t open the door of this classroom. One of the teachers has accidentally taken the key with him. The key has been looked for (for) a week but without success so far.

37. Мышонок старался произвести впечатление, но его просто не заметили. The baby mouse was trying to make an impression but he was just not noticed.

38. Хорошо ли присматривают за детьми в детском саду? Are children in the kindergarten looked after well?

39. В этом сезоне наша команда три раза выиграла и два раза была бита. This season our team has won three times and has been beaten twice.

40. Ему не понравился фильм, хотя билеты купили с большим трудом. He didn’t like the film though the tickets had been bought with difficulty.

WORD POWER

A. Fill in the blanks with “lay”, “lie” in the appropriate form. Don’t forget about “lie” that there are two different words: lie-lay-lain and lie-lied-lied.

1. Has the witch laid the table?

2. A broad green valley lay below the high mountains.

3. If it rains, the ground crew will lay a huge covering over the baseball field.

4. Roy lay his head against my shoulder and fell asleep.

5. A hundred miles of new railway track have been laid.

6. He had to lie about his age to get into the army.

7. The cat was lying on his back in the sunshine.

8. The farm lies/lay a few miles to the north.

9. The tired dog lay down to rest.

10. I lay awake worrying about work.

11. Lay the plates on the table.

12. My little puppy usually lies under the porch.

13. Lay the box down carefully.

14. The kitten lay under the arm-chair.

15. All the boxes are laid in a straight line.

16. The nurses lay the injured boy gently on the coach.

17. The dog lay in the shade.

18. The workers laid the foundation last Tuesday.

19. The village lies/lay in a beautiful valley.

20. Lay the baby on her back.

21. There were clothes lying all over the floor.

B. Fill in the blanks with “learn” or “study” in the appropriate form.

1. When you study you gain knowledge or skills through experience or as a result of practicing.

2. Little Liz is a bright girl who is already learning the alphabet.

3. I have learnt various maps of the area.

4. Janet is studying for a degree in history.

5. What did you learn from the papers?

6. It didn’t take her long to learn her lines by heart.

7. I learnt to ride a horse when I was ten.

8. Mike is studying medicine at college because he wants to be a doctor.

9. They will study the effect of technology on jobs.

10. He speaks French a bit but he wants to study the theory of language.

11. Children mainly learn by copying adults.

12. Look! A little duckling is learning to swim.

13. Buratino must learn the poem.

14. He was a violinist who studied under David Oistrackh.

15. It’s really difficult to study when the weather is hot.

16. The elf is studying for his diploma now.

17. When the princess was at school she hated learning Shakespeare by heart.

18. Your homework is to learn / study the periodic table.

19. Ken studies hard to become a student of Hull University.

20. “You have to learn to be more patient.” Shreck said to the donkey.

21. How long have you been studying Trigonometry?

22. I can’t study with that music playing all the time.

C. Fill in the blanks with “lend” or “borrow” in the appropriate form.

1. Do you often borrow money from your parents?

2. The local library will lend books for a month without charge.

3. The witch borrows books from the library.

4. Please lend me your baseball glove for the game.

5. I have no bicycle but I can borrow my neighbour’s.

6. The bank will lend the dwarf money to buy a car.

7. The ogre is lending his car to us for the weekend.

8. The word chipmunk was borrowed from the American Indians.

9. Can I borrow your calculator?

10. She lent me her very expensive coat.

11. – Can you lend me $100? – No, I’m afraid. But I’ll try to borrow you the money from Mr. Pitt.

12. – I’d like to buy this detective story but I have no money on me. – I can lend you some.

13. Fred agreed to lend Sophie the book until tomorrow.

14. The shop will lend us a TV set while ours is being repaired.

15. Would you lend me your bike for an hour?

16. Can I borrow your camera?

D. Fill in the blanks with “decide” or “solve” in the appropriate form.

1. It was a difficult question to solve.

2. It took the dreadful forest robbers two weeks to solve the problem.

3. Pinocchio decided to enter the University.

4. We were offered to solve a series of equations.

5. What have you decided? Are you coming with me?

6. How did you manage to solve the riddle?

7. It wasn’t so easy but in the end we solved the difficulty.

8. The pirates decided against buying a car.

9. The lady hesitated for a while between the red and the green hat and decided on the green one.

10. It was unanimously decided at the meeting that we had to reelect the President.

E. Fill in the blanks with “hesitate” or “doubt” in the appropriate form.

1. If I am needed, don’t hesitate to call me.

2. He who hesitates is lost.

3. I hesitate whether to buy this caravan or not.

4. Hermione never hesitates over a choice.

5. I strongly doubt Buratino will pass the exam. He hasn’t worked hard enough lately.

6. The dwarf hesitated for a while and then asked a question.

7. How can you doubt about the firm’s future?

8. I doubt if I can afford a family now.

9. Why doubt? Don’t you believe me?

10. I doubted if Pinocchio was speaking the truth but listened to him without interrupting.

F. Fill in the blanks with “understand” or “realize” in the appropriate form.

1. Do you understand what the lecturer is saying?

2. Do you realize the inevitability of your being expelled?

3. I fully realize how great my fault is. I apologize.

4. I understand that you are moving to St. Petersburg. How soon are you planning to leave?

5. We do not understand why the princess left.

6. So bitter it was when the witch realized that she had been cheated.

7. Do you realize that you are an hour late?

8. The pirates do not understand anything about politics.

9. I realize how much she means to you.

10. None of us realized the danger we were in.

11. I can’t understand his behaving like that.

12. I suddenly realized that I was crying.

13. I’m sorry, I don’t understand. Could you explain it again?

14. Tim didn’t realize his mistake till the next day.

REVISION

A. Read the two passages, fill in with the appropriate articles and answer the questions below. Don’t be so lazy as to fail to look up the new words in the dictionary!

EXCERPTS FROM A DOG'S DAILY DIARY:

8:00 a.m.Oh, boy! dog food! My favorite!

9:30 a.m.Oh, boy! a car ride! My favorite!

9:40 a.m.Oh, boy! a walk! My favorite!

10:30 a.m.Oh, boy! Getting rubbed and petted! My favorite!

11:30 a.m.Oh, boy! dog food! My favorite!

Noon- Oh, boy! the kids! My favorite!

1:00 p.m.Oh, boy! the yard! My favorite!

4:00 p.m.Oh, boy! To the park! My favorite!

5:00 p.m.Oh, boy! dog food! My favorite!

5:30 p.m.Oh, boy! Pretty Mums! My favorite!

6:00 p.m.Oh, boy! Playing a ball! My favorite!

6:30 a.m.Oh, boy! Watching TV with my master! My favorite!

8:30 p.m Oh, boy! Sleeping in the master's bed! My favorite!

EXCERPTS FROM A CAT'S DAILY DIARY:

… day 183 of My Captivity: My captors continue to taunt me with bizarre little dangling objects. They dine lavishly on fresh meat, while I am forced to eat dry cereal. The only thing that keeps me going is a hope of escape, and the mild satisfaction I get from ruining an occasional piece of furniture. Tomorrow I may eat another house plant. Today my attempt to kill my captors by weaving around their feet while they were walking almost succeeded; must try this at the top of the stairs. In an attempt to disgust and repulse these vile oppressors, I once again induced myself to vomit on their favorite chair, must try this on their bed. Decapitated a mouse and brought them the headless body, in an attempt to make them aware of what I am capable of, and to try to strike fear into their hearts. They only cooed and condescended about what a good little cat I was. Hmmm, not working according to plan. There was some sort of gathering of their accomplices. I was placed in a solitary confinement throughout the event. However, I could hear noise and smell food. More importantly, I overheard that my confinement was due to my power of "allergies." Must learn what this is and how to use it to my advantage. I am convinced the other captives are flunkies and maybe snitches. The dog is routinely released and seems more than happy to return. He is obviously a half-wit. The bird, on the other hand, has got to be an informant, he speaks with them regularly. I am certain he reports my every move. Due to his current placement in a high metal room, his safety is assured. But I can wait, it is only a matter of time…

B. Fill in the blanks with “no one” or “none”.

1. None of the people died. 2. There was no one present. 3. No one knows where the dwarf lives. 4. Make sure no one is in the building before you lock up. 5. Yesterday’s sandwich is better than none at all. 6. The dragon thinks that no one understands him. 7. None of the plates was broken 8. None of the witch’s relatives lives here. 9. I asked for some more cake but there was none left. 10. I thought I heard the doorbell ring, but no one was there. 11. The driver was wounded but none of the passengers was hurt. 12. No one told me about the new teacher. 13. He said he cared for none of us. 14. I thought there was some coffee in the cupboard but there is no one there. 15. Does no one want to climb the mountain? 16. No one wanted to be photographed. 17. Obviously no one heard the announcement. 18. The princess rang the doorbell but no one answered. 19. No one ever tells me anything. 20. None of my students can write this test. We should change it.

C. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions.

1. When did you arrive in this country? 2. When did the plane arrive at the airport? 3. It all depends on what money is meant for. 4. Are you looking forward to going to Paris for vacation? 5. Are you afraid of losing the money? 6. What do you feel your being depressed is due to? 7. Do you believe in justice? 8. How many of this year’s conferences will you be involved in, professor? 9. What language are you most interested in learning? 10. What subject do you think you are best at? 11. Who did you learn this information from? 12. What kinds of sports are you fond of? 13. What do you disagree on/about? 14. You certainly didn’t laugh at Pete’s misfortune, did you? 15. What is the witch so enthusiastic about? 16. What was the reason for doing this? 17. Can I rely on the pirates? 18. You would surely object to depending on somebody, wouldn’t you? 19. Have you been shouted at again? 20. Why is the witch never pleased with anything? 21. I am convinced of her innocence. 22. Please remind me about sending the fax. 23. How did Bill Gates succeed in his business? 24. What is your native town famous for? 25. What is the mug made of? 26. The crocodile listened to his children attentively. 27. I’ve seen a dress similar to yours in a shop yesterday. 28. Young men are always in search of adventures. 29. Don’t be angry about her not phoning you. 30. We arrived at the airport in time.

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