Practice. Revising the Essay

A. The following essay needs to be revised. It has some problems in each of its paragraphs. Refer to the Essay Checklist as you study the essay paragraph by paragraph.

Work with a partner or with a small group. One person in each group should write down the problems in each part of the essay as they are being discussed.

After the group discussion is completed, join in a class discussion to compare your findings with those of the other groups.

Heavy Traffic

The traffic problem is growing in most big cities. There are many overcrowded streets and freeways. Because there are too many cars and other vehicles. There are not enough parking facilities in the busy downtowns areas. However, the heavy traffic problem can be solved in three ways.

More rapid transit systems should be build between the cities and suburbs. Then, people who lives in the suburbs and works in the cities can get to their destinations quick and safely. By using rapid transit systems, commuters will leave their cars at home. This will reduce the number of cars on the freeways. And the streets in the busy downtown areas. Many people like to shop in the department stores in big cities. In Japan the metropolitan areas have excellent railway lines for commuting within the cities. There are also dependable subway systems to connect large city like Tokyo and Osaka.

Car pools are a good way to ease the heavy traffic during the commuter rush hours. A car pool is an arrangement by a group of car owners to take turns driving their car to work and other places. For example. If several people live near one another in the same suburb and work in a big city. Like Boston, Manhattan, or Los Angeles, they can form a car pool. They can take turns driving to the city and back. With more people using car pools. There will be fewer traffic jams and accidents. Public transportation systems within the cities must be improved. People who live in large cities should take buses and streetcars to go downtown. If they leave their cars at home. They can avoid the commuter rush. They can get to their destinations and return home much more quickly.

In conclusion, car pools are necessary.

B. Rewrite the essay above. Correct the organization, paragraphing, sentence structure, and grammar as necessary.

UNIT4

Research Paper

1. What Is Research?

WHAT RESEARCH IS NOT

1. Research is not mere information gathering.

2. Research is not mere transportation of facts from one location to another.

3. Research is not merely rummaging for information.

WHAT RESEARCH IS

1. Although research projects vary in complexity and duration, research typically has six distinct characteristics:

2. Research originates with a question or problem.

3. Research requires a clear articulation of a goal.

4. Research follows a specific plan of procedure.

5. Research usually divides the principal problem into more manageable subproblems.

6. Research accepts certain critical assumptions.

7. Research requires the collection and interpretation of data in an attempt to resolve the problem that initiated the research.

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